After co-evolving with humans, its only major host, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) restrains immune responses well enough to escape eradication, yet elicits enough immunopathology to ensure its transmission. Here, we provide evidence that this balance is regulated in part by a previously uncharacterized, cytosolic, membrane-associated protein with a novel structural fold, encoded by the Mtb gene rv0431. The protein acts by regulating the quantity and quality of Mtb-derived membrane vesicles bearing TLR2 ligands, including the lipoproteins LpqH and SodC. We propose that rv0431 be named virR (vesiculogenesis and immune response regulator). To our knowledge, VirR is the first bacterial protein identified to regulate vesiculogenesis. Overall design: Transcriptome sequencing of mouse macrophages uninfected, infected with WT Mtb, or infected with rv0431 mutant Mtb.
Genetic regulation of vesiculogenesis and immunomodulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
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A multi-omic analysis reveals the regulatory role of CD180 during the response of macrophages to Borrelia burgdorferi.
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesMacrophages are cells of the innate immune system with the ability to phagocytose and induce a global pattern of responses that depend on several signalling pathways. We have determined the biosignature of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and human blood monocytes using transcriptomics and proteomics approaches. We identified a common pattern of genes transcriptionally regulated that overall indicate that the response to B. burgdorferi involves the interaction of spirochetal antigens with several inflammatory pathways corresponding to primary (triggered by pattern recognition receptors) and secondary (induced by proinflammatory cytokines) responses. We also show that the Toll-like receptor family member, CD180 is downregulated by the stimulation of macrophages, but not monocytes, with the spirochete. Silencing Cd180 results in increased phagocytosis while tempering the production of the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF. Cd180-silenced cells produced increased levels of Itgam and surface CD11b, suggesting that the regulation of CD180 by the spirochete initiates a cascade that increases the CR3-mediated phagocytosis of the bacterium while repressing the consequent inflammatory response.
A multi-omic analysis reveals the regulatory role of CD180 during the response of macrophages to Borrelia burgdorferi.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesMacrophages are cells of the innate immune system with the ability to phagocytose and induce a global pattern of responses that depend on several signalling pathways. We have determined the biosignature of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and human blood monocytes using transcriptomics and proteomics approaches. We identified a common pattern of genes transcriptionally regulated that overall indicate that the response to B. burgdorferi involves the interaction of spirochetal antigens with several inflammatory pathways corresponding to primary (triggered by pattern recognition receptors) and secondary (induced by proinflammatory cytokines) responses. We also show that the Toll-like receptor family member, CD180 is downregulated by the stimulation of macrophages, but not monocytes, with the spirochete. Silencing Cd180 results in increased phagocytosis while tempering the production of the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF. Cd180-silenced cells produced increased levels of Itgam and surface CD11b, suggesting that the regulation of CD180 by the spirochete initiates a cascade that increases the CR3-mediated phagocytosis of the bacterium while repressing the consequent inflammatory response. Overall design: Genome-wide changes in gene Expression in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated with Borrelia burgdorferi or left unstimulated were generated by RNAseq.
Regulation of macrophage activity by surface receptors contained within Borrelia burgdorferi-enriched phagosomal fractions.
Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesVAChT KDHOM mice have a 70% decrease in the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and this leads to a systemic decrease in ACh release and cardiac dysfunction.
An analysis of the myocardial transcriptome in a mouse model of cardiac dysfunction with decreased cholinergic neurotransmission.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesOur study describes in detail the role of Bmp2 during cardiac valve developmnent and its implication in Notch pathway activation. Overall design: Hearts were isolated from WT and Bmp2GOF;Nkx2.5-Cre mouse embryos at stage E9.5 and their expression profile characterized by RNA-seq
Bmp2 and Notch cooperate to pattern the embryonic endocardium.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesSmall non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have been proposed as potential vectors of the interface between genes and environment. Here, we report that environmental conditions involving traumatic stress in early life, alter miRNA and piRNA composition in sperm of adult males in mice. Overall design: Examination of small RNA content of sperm from males, that experienced early chronic stress during their first two weeks of life versus small RNA content of sperm from control males.
Implication of sperm RNAs in transgenerational inheritance of the effects of early trauma in mice.
Sex, Disease, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesCortical GABAergic interneurons constitute a highly diverse population of inhibitory neurons that are key regulators of cortical microcircuit function. An important and heterogeneous group of cortical interneurons specifically expresses the serotonin receptor 3A (5-HT3AR) but how this diversity emerges during development is poorly understood. Here we use single-cell transcriptomics to identify gene expression patterns operating in Htr3a-GFP+ interneurons during early steps of cortical circuit assembly. We identify 3 main molecular types of Htr3a-GFP+ interneurons, each displaying distinct developmental dynamics of gene expression. The transcription factor Meis2 is specifically enriched in a type of Htr3a-GFP+ interneurons spatially confined to the cortical white matter. These MEIS2 expressing interneurons appear to originate from a restricted region located at the embryonic pallial-subpallial boundary. Overall, this study identifies MEIS2 as a subclass-specific marker for 5-HT3AR-containing interstitial interneurons and demonstrates that the transcriptional and anatomical parcellation of cortical interneurons is developmentally coupled. Overall design: Single cell transcriptomics of cortical interneurons FACS sorted according to GFP-Htr3a+. Acquired from mouse brains of 3 different developmental ages: E18, P2, P5
Transcriptomic and anatomic parcellation of 5-HT<sub>3A</sub>R expressing cortical interneuron subtypes revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing.
Subject
View SamplesThis study demonstrates that arthritis and heart valve stenosis comorbidity, the most common condition among RA and SpA patients, share common mesenchymal requirements converging in the pathogenic activation of resident mesenchymal origin fibroblasts in the Tnf?ARE mouse model. TNFR2 signaling, in this context, orchestrates the molecular mechanisms underlying arthritis and heart valve stenosis manifestation by regulating fibroblasts pathogenic activation status, cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory milieu. Finally this work highlights the complexity of TNFR2 functions since mesenchymal signaling is detrimental, whereas systemic TNFR2 provides protective signals that contain both pathologies Overall design: 3' RNA-Seq (QuantSeq) profiling of 2 cell types (SFs,VICs) in two different genotypes (TNF-DeltaARE, ColVIp75f/f-TNF-DeltaARE) and Wild type as control. 3 replicates per group.
Mesenchymal TNFR2 promotes the development of polyarthritis and comorbid heart valve stenosis.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesIn the current study, we have performed a gene expression analysis of well characterized and defined populations of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) before and after in vitro induction of osteogenic and myogenic differentiation that allows identifying DNA methylation- regulated differentiation genes. We have also address the extent of the epigenetic programming of hASCs- derived differentiated cells by comparing the expression profiling of these cells with their somatic counterparts from primary tissues. Finally, we also compared the patterns of expression of hASCs (and their derivatives)
DNA methylation plasticity of human adipose-derived stem cells in lineage commitment.
Specimen part
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