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GSE48452
Homo sapiens
72 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Human Gene 1.1 ST Array (hugene11st)
Description
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder in industrialized countries. Liver samples from morbidly obese patients (N=45) with all stages of NAFLD and controls (N=18) were analysed by array-based DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiling. NAFLD-specific expression and methylation differences were seen for nine genes coding for key enzymes in intermediate metabolism (including PC, ACLY, PLCG1) and insulin/insulin-like signalling (including IGF1, IGFBP2, PRKCE) and replicated by bisulfite pyrosequening (independent N=39). Transcription factor binding sites at NAFLD-specific CpG sites were >1000-fold enriched for ZNF274, PGC1A and SREBP2. Intra-individual comparison of liver biopsies before and after bariatric surgery showed NAFLD-associated methylation changes to be partially reversible. Post-bariatric and NAFLD-specific methylation signatures were clearly distinct both in gene-ontology and transcription factor binding site analyses, with >400-fold enrichment of NRF1, HSF1 and ESRRA sites. Our findings provide one of the first examples of treatment-induced epigenetic organ remodelling in humans.
Publication Title
DNA methylation analysis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease suggests distinct disease-specific and remodeling signatures after bariatric surgery.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 9 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HumanRef-8 v3.0 expression beadchip (controls added), Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome fibroblasts and iPSCs: cellular models for uncovering disease-associated signaling pathways and establishing a screening platform for anti-oxidants.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 1 Downloadable Sample
- Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip
Description
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, first described 1981 in Nijmegen, Holland. The characteristics of NBS include genomic instability (resulting in early onset of malignancies), premature aging, microcephaly and other growth retardations, immune deficiency, and impaired puberty and fertility in females. The consequence of these manifestations is a severe decrease in average life span, caused by cancer or infection of the respiratory and urinary tract. We reprogrammed fibroblasts from NBS patients into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCS) to bypass premature senescence and to generate an unlimited cell source for modeling purposes. We screened the influence of antioxidants on intracellular levels of ROS and DNA damage and found that EDHB was able to decrease DNA damage in the presence of high oxidative stress. Furthermore, we found that NBS fibroblasts, but not NBS-iPSCs were more susceptible to the induction of DNA damage than their normal counterparts. We performed global transcriptome analysis comparing NBS to normal fibroblasts and NBS-iPSCs to hESCs. There, we found, that TP53 was activated and cell cycle genes broadly down-regulated in NBS fibroblasts and up-regulation of glycolysis specifically in NBS-iPSCs.
Publication Title
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome fibroblasts and iPSCs: cellular models for uncovering disease-associated signaling pathways and establishing a screening platform for anti-oxidants.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HumanRef-8 v3.0 expression beadchip (controls added), Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip
Description
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, first described 1981 in Nijmegen, Holland. The characteristics of NBS include genomic instability (resulting in early onset of malignancies), premature aging, microcephaly and other growth retardations, immune deficiency, and impaired puberty and fertility in females. The consequence of these manifestations is a severe decrease in average life span, caused by cancer or infection of the respiratory and urinary tract. We reprogrammed fibroblasts from NBS patients into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCS) to bypass premature senescence and to generate an unlimited cell source for modeling purposes. We screened the influence of antioxidants on intracellular levels of ROS and DNA damage and found that EDHB was able to decrease DNA damage in the presence of high oxidative stress. Furthermore, we found that NBS fibroblasts, but not NBS-iPSCs were more susceptible to the induction of DNA damage than their normal counterparts. We performed global transcriptome analysis comparing NBS to normal fibroblasts and NBS-iPSCs to hESCs. There, we found, that TP53 was activated and cell cycle genes broadly down-regulated in NBS fibroblasts and up-regulation of glycolysis specifically in NBS-iPSCs.
Publication Title
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome fibroblasts and iPSCs: cellular models for uncovering disease-associated signaling pathways and establishing a screening platform for anti-oxidants.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 5 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
The hepatitis E virus (HEV), a non enveloped RNA virus, causes viral hepatitis. The viral open reading frame 2 (ORF2) protein represents the capsid protein of HEV which is known to cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in ORF2 expressing cells. The initiation of endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis mainly involves the transcriptional activation of pro-apoptotic gene CHOP which will further trigger the major apoptotic pathways. However, the activation of CHOP by ORF2 protein in this study does not induce apoptotic markers such as Bax translocation to mitochondria. We have used the Affymetrix microarray platform to screen the pro-apoptotic effects induced by the expression of ORF2 protein in human hepatic cell lines (Huh7). The Huh7 cells were transduced either with recombinant adenovirus encoding the HEV ORF2 (Ad-ORF2) or an adenovirus encoding the green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP). The array results consistently showed an ORF2 specific induction of mRNA corresponding to the chaperones Hsp72, Hsp70B and co-chaperone Hsp40. These studies provide further mechanisms of the ER stress mediated pro apoptotic effects caused by the ORF2 protein and its potential role for the activation of anti-apoptotic activity of the host cell.
Publication Title
Hepatitis E virus ORF2 protein activates the pro-apoptotic gene CHOP and anti-apoptotic heat shock proteins.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 2.0 ST Array (mogene20st)
Description
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) plays a crucial role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which could further develop to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Since cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (cGK1) deficient (cGK1-KO) mice displayed hepatic insulin resistance we hypothesized that cGK1 modulates HSC activation and its metabolic consequences. First, retinol storage and gene expression were studied in cGK1-KO mice. Second, we investigated the effects of cGK1-silencing on gene expression in the human stellate cell line LX2. Finally, cGK1 expression was investigated in human liver biopsies covering a wide range of liver fat content. Retinyl-ester level in the liver of cGK1-KO mice was lower compared to wild-type animals, which was associated with increased inflammatory gene expression. mRNA regulation in cGK1-silenced LX2 cells showed stronger stellate cell activation profile, altered matrix degradation and elevated chemokine level. On the other hand, activation of LX2 cells suppressed cGK1 expression, which was associated with human data, showing a negative correlation between cGK1 mRNA and liver fat content in liver biopsies. These results suggest that the lack of cGK1 could possibly lead to stellate cell activation, which elevates chemokine expression and inflammatory processes, which in turn disturbs hepatic insulin sensitivity.
Publication Title
No associated publication
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
DCs are localized under the mucosa of the lungs and the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore come into close contact with A. fumigatus germ tubes during early steps of infection as soon as fungi become invasive. For a more detailed insight into differentially regulated genes, whole genome microarray analysis was performed.
Publication Title
Impact of mycophenolic acid on the functionality of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils and dendritic cells during interaction with Aspergillus fumigatus.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 2 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
By investigating the germinal center (GC) formation in STAT6ko/WT bone marrow-mixed chimera we found that GC formation in type 2 immune responses is dependent on B cell intrinsic expression of IL-4/IL-13-induced genes. We therefore used microarrays to find Stat6 dependent genes that are important for germinal center formation and/or organization after infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (N. brasiliensis).
Publication Title
B-cell-intrinsic STAT6 signaling controls germinal center formation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 20 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Array (hgu133a)
Description
In osteosarcoma patients, the development of metastases, often to the lungs, is the most frequent cause of death. To improve this situation, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing osteosarcoma development and dissemination and the identification of novel drug targets for an improved treatment are needed. Towards this aim, we characterized osteosarcoma tissue samples compared to primary osteoblast cells using Affymetrix HG U133A microarrays.
Publication Title
De novo expression of EphA2 in osteosarcoma modulates activation of the mitogenic signalling pathway.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 2 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is essential to maintain intestinal homeostasis. CD4+ T regulatory type 1 (TR1) cells produce large amounts of this cytokine and being therefore currently examined in clinical trials as T-cell therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, factors and molecular signals sustaining TR1 cell regulatory activity still need to be identified in order to optimize the efficiency and to ensure the safety of these trials. We investigated the role of IL-10 signaling in mature TR1 cells in vivo. Double IL-10eGFP Foxp3mRFP reporter mice and transgenic mice with impairment in IL-10 receptor signaling were used to test the activity of TR1 cells in a murine IBD model, a model that resembles the trials performed in humans. The molecular signaling was elucidated in vitro. Finally, we used human TR1 cells, currently employed for cell therapy, to confirm our results. We found that murine TR1 cells expressed functional IL-10 receptor . TR1 cells with impaired IL-10 receptor signaling lost their regulatory activity in vivo. TR1 cells required IL-10 receptor signaling in order to activate p38 MAP kinase, thereby sustaining IL-10 production, which ultimately mediated their suppressive activity. Finally, we confirmed these data using human TR1 cells. In conclusion TR1 cell regulatory activity is dependent on IL-10 receptor signaling. These data suggest that in order to optimize TR1 cell-based therapy, IL-10 receptor expression has to be taken into consideration.
Publication Title
No associated publication
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples