Grainyhead genes are involved in wound healing and developmental neural tube closure. In light of the high degree of similarity between the epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) occurring in wound healing processes and the cancer stem cell-like compartment of tumors, including TGF--dependence, we investigated the role of a Grainyhead gene (GRHL2) in oncogenic EMT. Grainyhead was specifically down-regulated in the claudin-low subclass of mammary tumors and in the basal-B subclass of breast cancer cell lines. Functionally, GRHL2 suppressed TGF--induced, Twist-induced or spontaneous EMT, enhanced anoikis-sensitivity, and suppressed mammosphere generation in mammary epithelial cells. These effects were mediated, in part, by its suppression of ZEB1 expression, through direct repression of the ZEB1 promoter. GRHL2 also inhibited Smad-mediated transcription, and up-regulated mir200b/c as well as the TGF- receptor antagonist, BMP2. The expression of GRHL2 in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 triggered a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and sensitized the cells to anoikis. These results indicate that GRHL2 is a suppressor of the oncogenic EMT.
Suppression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by Grainyhead-like-2.
Specimen part
View Sampleswe aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of human mesenchymal stem cell on severe liver disease
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Sex, Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesAnalyze of RNA expression of Old Fibroblast and Young Fibroblast. Compare RNA expression of Old Fibroblast to RNA expression of Young Fbroblast
No associated publication
Sex, Specimen part
View Sampleswe analysis of sham fibroblast and UVA fibroblast RNA expression using RNA sequencing and compare RNA expression.
No associated publication
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe generate miR-25 KO mice by Cas-9 technology, and run 5 month kidney RNA sequencing.
No associated publication
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesAdult neural stem cells derived from wild type and Sirt1 conditional knockout mice were treated with or without X-ray, the total RNA extracted from these cells were used for RNA sequencing.
No associated publication
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesNo description.
No associated publication
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesPost mortem human brain tissue comparison between HD patients and controls from 3 brain regions - cerebellum, frontal cortex [BA4, BA9] and caudate nucleus. Gene expression analysed using linear models from LIMMA package in Bioconductor suite.
Regional and cellular gene expression changes in human Huntington's disease brain.
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View SamplesActivating mutations in tyrosine kinase (TK) genes (e.g. FLT3 and KIT) are found in more than 30% of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML); many groups have speculated that mutations in other TK genes may be present in the remaining 70%. We performed high-throughput re-sequencing of the kinase domains of 26 TK genes (11 receptor TK and 15 cytoplasmic TK) that are expressed in most AML patients, using genomic DNA from the bone marrow (tumor) and matched skin biopsy samples (germline) from 94 patients with de novo AML; sequence variants were validated in an additional 94 AML tumor samples (14.3 million base pairs of sequence were obtained and analyzed). We identified known somatic mutations in FLT3, KIT, and JAK2 TK genes at the expected frequencies, and found four novel somatic mutations, JAK1V623A, JAK1T478S, DDR1A803V and NTRK1S677N, once each in four respective patients out of 188 tested. We also identified novel germline sequence changes encoding amino acid substitutions (i.e. non-synonymous changes) in 14 TK genes, including TYK2, which had the largest number of non-synonymous sequence variants (11 total detected). Additional studies will be required to define the roles that these somatic and germline TK gene variants play in AML pathogenesis.
Somatic mutations and germline sequence variants in the expressed tyrosine kinase genes of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Race
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
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Specimen part
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