The number of transcripts where allelic bias is dependent parent-of-origin was predicted at 100-200 until two recent studies applied RNA-Seq to brain regions from reciprocally crossed inbred mouse strains and identified over a thousand novel imprinted loci, including hundreds present in only males or females. Reanalysis revealed that the vast majority of these novel loci are explained by technical and biological variation of the approach, and are not genuine cases of general or sex-specific parent-of-origin allelic expression. Independent replication projects that, at most, a few dozen novel imprinted transcripts are present in the dataset, in line with previous projections of 100-200 total imprinted transcripts. Overall design: Whole brain transcriptome analysis of E17.5 F1 embryos from reciprocally crossed C57BL/6J and CastEi/J parents
Critical evaluation of imprinted gene expression by RNA-Seq: a new perspective.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesEndogenous pancreatic multipotent progenitors (PMPs) are ideal candidates for regenerative approaches to compensate for b-cell loss since their b-cell–producing capacities as well as strategic location would eliminate unnecessary invasive manipulations. However, little is known about the status and potentials of PMPs under diabetic conditions. Here we show that b-cell metabolic stress and hyperglycemia enhance the proliferation capacities of adult PMP cells and bias their production of progeny toward b-cells in mouse and human. These effects are dynamic and correlate with functional b-cell regeneration when conditions allow. Overall design: Insulin-positive Glut2-low cell population of adult pancreatic tissue is enriched for PMP cells. Streptozocin (STZ) can enter beta-cells via Glut2 , induce cell death and consequently diabetes. Insulin-positive cells from two groups (STZ-injected experiment and vehicle-injected control, n=3/group) of MIP-GFP transgenic male mice were sorted to Glut2-low (Glut2L) and Glut2-high (Glut2H) by FACS. Total RNA from these samples were extracted for transcriptome analysis.
Diabetes enhances the proliferation of adult pancreatic multipotent progenitor cells and biases their differentiation to more β-cell production.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAn increasing amount of evidence suggests that the small intestine may play an important role in the development of metabolic diseases, such as obesity and insulin resistance. The small intestine provides the first barrier between diet and the body. As a result, dysregulation of biological processes and secretion of signal molecules from the small intestine may be of importance in the regulation and dysregulation of whole body metabolic homeostasis. Changes in gene expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, cell cycle and immune response may contribute to the aetiology of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. In the current study we present a detailed investigation on the effects a chow diet, low fat diet and high fat diet on gene expression along the proximal-to-distal axis of the murine small intestine. The reported results provide a knowledge base for upcoming studies on the role of the small intestine in the aetiology of diet-induced diseases.
Cross-species comparison of genes related to nutrient sensing mechanisms expressed along the intestine.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesAn early settlement of a complex gut microbiota can protect against gastro-intestinal dysbiosis, but the effects of neonatal microbiota colonization on the gut barrier upon the further encounter of favorable bacteria or not, are largely unknown.
Molecular networks affected by neonatal microbial colonization in porcine jejunum, luminally perfused with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, F4ac fimbria or Lactobacillus amylovorus.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesBackground
Loss of photoreceptorness and gain of genomic alterations in retinoblastoma reveal tumor progression.
Specimen part
View SamplesExpression levels of the RNA-binding protein Quaking (QKI) are low in monocytes of early, human atherosclerotic lesions, but abundant in macrophages of advanced plaques. Specific depletion of QKI protein impaired monocyte adhesion, migration, differentiation into macrophages, and foam cell formation in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq and microarray analysis of human monocyte and macrophage transcriptomes, including those of a unique QKI haploinsufficient patient, revealed striking changes in QKI-dependent mRNA levels and splicing of RNA transcripts. Overall design: RNA-seq analysis of primary monocytes and macrophages from a QKI haploinsufficient patient and their (control) sibling.
Quaking promotes monocyte differentiation into pro-atherogenic macrophages by controlling pre-mRNA splicing and gene expression.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIn order to identify the gene targets of frequently altered chromosomal regions in retinoblastoma, a meta-analysis of genome-wide copy number alterations studies on primary retinoblastoma tissue and retinoblastoma cell lines was performed. Published studies were complemented by copy number and gene expression analysis on primary and cell line samples of retinoblastoma. This dataset includes the gene expression data of the retinoblastoma cell lines
A Meta-Analysis of Retinoblastoma Copy Numbers Refines the List of Possible Driver Genes Involved in Tumor Progression.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThe significance of cardiac stem cell (CSC) populations for cardiac regeneration remains disputed. Here, we apply the most direct definition of stem cell function (the ability to replace lost tissue through cell division) to interrogate the existence of CSCs. By single-cell mRNA sequencing and genetic lineage tracing using two Ki67 knockin mouse models, we map all proliferating cells and their progeny in homoeostatic and regenerating murine hearts. Cycling cardiomyocytes were only robustly observed in the early postnatal growth phase, while cycling cells in homoeostatic and damaged adult myocardium represented various noncardiomyocyte cell types. Proliferative postdamage fibroblasts expressing follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) closely resemble neonatal cardiac fibroblasts and form the fibrotic scar. Genetic deletion of Fstl1 in cardiac fibroblasts results in postdamage cardiac rupture. We find no evidence for the existence of a quiescent CSC population, for transdifferentiation of other cell types toward cardiomyocytes, or for proliferation of significant numbers of cardiomyocytes in response to cardiac injury. Overall design: We generated transciptome data from proliferative cardiac cells collected from 3, 7 or 14 days following myocardial infarction (MI) or sham surgery. This series includes single-cell transcriptome data from (Ki67-RFP+) cardiac cells collected from neonatal murine hearts, adult homeostatic murine hearts or adult murine hearts collected 14 days following myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic/perfusion (I/R) or sham surgery.
Profiling proliferative cells and their progeny in damaged murine hearts.
Specimen part, Subject, Time
View SamplesThe gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, although evidence in humans is scarce. We investigated how gut microbiota manipulation by antibiotics (7-day administration of amoxicillin, vancomycin, or placebo) affects host metabolism in 57 obese, prediabetic men. Vancomycin, but not amoxicillin, decreased bacterial diversity and reduced Firmicutes involved in short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism, concomitant with altered plasma and/or fecal metabolite concentrations. Adipose tissue gene expression of oxidative pathways was upregulated by antibiotics, whereas immune-related pathways were downregulated by vancomycin. Antibiotics did not affect tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, energy/substrate metabolism, postprandial hormones and metabolites, systemic inflammation, gut permeability, and adipocyte size. Importantly, energy harvest, adipocyte size, and whole-body insulin sensitivity were not altered at 8-week follow-up, despite a still considerably altered microbial composition, indicating that interference with adult microbiota by 7-day antibiotic treatment has no clinically relevant impact on metabolic health in obese humans.
Effects of Gut Microbiota Manipulation by Antibiotics on Host Metabolism in Obese Humans: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Treatment, Subject, Time
View SamplesTo identify the CD4+ T cell cytokines responsible for the proliferation of the Lin-IEL lines CD4+ T cell clone L10, which recognises DQ2-glia-1, one of the immunodominant T cell epitopes in celiac disease, was stimulated for 3 hours in IMDM with plate-bound CD3/CD28-specific (2.5 g/ml each) or control antibodies coated onto 6-well non-tissue culture treated plates. Three independent biological replicates were performed, each time including 6 million Ficoll-purified live cells per condition. RNA was purified from these cells using the RNAeasy mini kit (Qiagen, Venlo, the Netherlands). cDNA was amplified using the Applause WT-Amp system (NuGEN technologies, Bemmel, the Netherlands) and biotin-labelled with the Encore Biotin Module (NuGEN). Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays (Affymetrix, High Wycombe, UK) were employed to quantify global gene expression.
CD4 T-cell cytokines synergize to induce proliferation of malignant and nonmalignant innate intraepithelial lymphocytes.
Specimen part
View Samples