Immune cell-specific expression is one indication of the importance of a gene's role in the immune response.
Immune response in silico (IRIS): immune-specific genes identified from a compendium of microarray expression data.
Specimen part
View SamplesIL-22 acts on epithelial cells and has been shown to induce tissue protective and wound healing responses in these cells. But it has recently been decribed that IL-22 exacerbates ileatis after infection with T. gondii.
Interleukin-22 induces interleukin-18 expression from epithelial cells during intestinal infection.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesThe human bone marrow (BM) gives rise to all distinct blood cell lineages, including CD1c+ and CD141+ myeloid dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. These cell subsets are also present in peripheral blood (PB) and lymphoid tissues. However, the difference between the BM and PB compartment in terms of differentiation state and immunological role of DC is not yet known. The BM may represent both a site for development as well as a possible effector site and so far, little is known in this light with respect to different DC subsets. Using genome-wide transcriptional profiling we found clear differences between the BM and PB compartment and a location-dependent clustering for CD1c+ and CD141+ was demonstrated. DC subsets from BM clustered together and separate from the corresponding subsets from PB, which similarly formed a cluster. In BM, a common proliferating and immature differentiating state was observed for the two DC subsets, whereas DC from the PB showed a more immune-activated mature profile. In contrast, BM-derived slan+ non-classical monocytes were closely related to their PB counterparts and not to DC subsets, implying a homogenous prolife irrespective of anatomical localization. Additional functional tests confirmed these transcriptional findings. DC-like functions were prominently exhibited by PB DC. They surpassed BM DC in maturation capacity, cytokine production and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation. This first study on myeloid DC in healthy human BM offers new information on steady-state DC biology and could potentially serve as a starting point for further research on these immune cells in healthy conditions as well as in diseases.
Human Bone Marrow-Derived Myeloid Dendritic Cells Show an Immature Transcriptional and Functional Profile Compared to Their Peripheral Blood Counterparts and Separate from Slan+ Non-Classical Monocytes.
Specimen part
View SamplesAbstract: Human 6-sulfo LacNac (slan)+ cells have been subject to a paradigm debate. They have previously been classified as a distinct dendritic cell (DC) subset. However, evidence has emerged that they may be more related to monocytes than to DC. To gain deeper insight into the functional specialization of slan+ cells, we have compared them with both conventional myeloid DC subsets (CD1c+ and CD141+) in human peripheral blood. Using genome-wide transcriptional profiling as well as extensive functional tests, we clearly show that slan+ cells form a distinct, non-DC-like, population. They cluster away from both DC subsets and their gene expression profile evidently suggests involvement in distinct inflammatory processes. An extensive comparison with existing genomic data sets also strongly confirmed the relationship of slan+ with the monocytic compartment rather than with DC. From a functional perspective, their ability to induce CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation is relatively low. Combined with the finding that antigen presentation by MHC class II is at the top of under-represented pathways in slan+ cells, this points to a minimal role in directing adaptive T cell immunity. Rather, the higher expression of complement receptors on their cell surface, together with their high secretion of IL-1 and IL-6, imply a specific role in innate inflammatory processes, which is consistent with their recent identification as non-classical monocytes. This study extends our knowledge on DC/monocyte subset biology under steady state conditions and contributes to our understanding of their role in immune-mediated diseases and their potential use in immunotherapeutic strategies.
Transcriptional profiling reveals functional dichotomy between human slan<sup>+</sup> non-classical monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 is associated to poor outcome on tamoxifen therapy in recurrent breast cancer.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesExpression data were used to predict the activity status of diverse pathways, which were compared to Tamoxifen response
Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 is associated to poor outcome on tamoxifen therapy in recurrent breast cancer.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesExpression data were used to predict the activity status of diverse pathways, which were compared to Tamoxifen response
Phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 is associated to poor outcome on tamoxifen therapy in recurrent breast cancer.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that produce both heat-stable (ST) and heat-labile (LT) enterotoxins cause severe post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. However, the relative importance of the individual enterotoxins to the pathogenesis of ETEC infection is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect on virulence of an F4+ ETEC strain when removing some or all of its enterotoxins. Several isogenic mutant strains were constructed that lack the expression of LT in combination with one or both types of ST enterotoxins (STa and/or STb). Host early immune responses induced by these mutant strains 4h after infection were compared to the wild type strain GIS26 (O149:F4ac+, LT+ STa+ STb+). At the same time, the immune response of this wild type ETEC strain was compared to the mock-infected control, demonstrating the expression of porcine inflammatory response genes. For these purposes, the small intestinal segment perfusion (SISP) technique and microarray analysis were used and results were validated by qRT-PCR. We also measured net fluid absorption of pig small intestinal mucosa 4h after infection with wild type ETEC, the mutant strains and PBS (mock-infected). These data indicate an important role for STb in inducing small intestinal secretion early after infection. The microarray analysis of the different mutant strains also revealed an important role for STb in ETEC-induced immune response by the significant differential regulation of immune mediators like matrix metalloproteinase 3, interleukin 1 and interleukin 17. We conclude that STb can play a prominent role in ETEC-induced secretion and early immune response.
Role of heat-stable enterotoxins in the induction of early immune responses in piglets after infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Methylation of cancer-stem-cell-associated Wnt target genes predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesProfiling project of CRC patient material collected in the Academic Medical Center (AMC) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. We focused on a set of 90 AJCC stage II patients that underwent intentionally curative surgery in the years 1997-2006 (AMC-AJCCII-90). Extensive medical records are kept from these patients and long-term clinical follow-up is available for the large majority. Both paraffin-embedded as well as fresh frozen tissue is available from all these patients for analysis.
Methylation of cancer-stem-cell-associated Wnt target genes predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease
View Samples