Twist1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, is expressed in mesenchymal precursor populations during embryogenesis and in metastatic cancer cells. In the developing heart, Twist1 is highly expressed in endocardial cushion (ECC) valve mesenchymal cells and is down regulated during valve differentiation and remodeling. Previous studies demonstrated that Twist1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and expression of primitive ECM molecules in ECC mesenchymal cells. Furthermore, Twist1 expression is induced in human pediatric and adult diseased heart valves. However, the Twist1 downstream target genes that mediate increased cell proliferation and migration during early heart valve development remain largely unknown. Candidate gene and global gene profiling approaches were used to identify direct transcriptional targets of Twist1 during heart valve development. Candidate target genes were analyzed for evolutionarily conserved regions (ECRs) containing E-box consensus sequences that are potential Twist1 binding sequences. ECRs containing conserved E-box sequences were identified for Twist1 responsive genes Tbx20, Cdh11, Sema3C, Rab39b, and Gadd45a. Twist1 binding to these sequences in vivo was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, and binding was detected in ECCs but not late stage remodeling valves. In addition identified Twist1 target genes are highly expressed in ECCs and have reduced expression during heart valve remodeling in vivo which is consistent with the expression pattern of Twist1. Together these analyses identify multiple new genes involved in cell proliferation and migration that are differentially expressed in the developing heart valves, are responsive to Twist1 transcriptional function, and contain Twist1 responsive regulatory sequences.
Twist1 directly regulates genes that promote cell proliferation and migration in developing heart valves.
Cell line
View SamplesKlotho-deficient mice develop aortic valve annulus calcification by 6 weeks of age. Understanding the molecular basis by which aortic valve calcification is initiated will help define potential molecular targets which may be inhibited to reduce or prevent aortic valve calcification.
COX2 inhibition reduces aortic valve calcification in vivo.
Specimen part
View SamplesE12.5 AV cushion and E17.5 AV valve from wild-type FVB/N mice and in vitro cultured MC3T3 cells
Shared gene expression profiles in developing heart valves and osteoblast progenitor cells.
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View SamplesTo examine fosB regulation of neurogenesis, depression and epilepsy, we compared the gene expression profiles of wild type, fosBd/d and fosB-null mice by microarray analysis.
fosB-null mice display impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis and spontaneous epilepsy with depressive behavior.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWe examined gene expression of LAPC4 cells after knocking down -TrCP, androgen ablation, or the combined treatments compared to non treated cells.
beta-TrCP inhibition reduces prostate cancer cell growth via upregulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Cell line
View SamplesBackground: Antimalarials have anticancer potential. Results: We have systematically tested five distinct antimalaria drugs in a panel of cancer cell lines. Conclusion: Three antimalarial classes display potent antiproliferative activity, and their potency is correlated with cancer cell gene expression patterns. Significance: We confirm and extend anticancer potential of these antimalarials and we discuss their therapeutic potential based on clinical data.
Anticancer properties of distinct antimalarial drug classes.
Sex, Age, Cell line
View SamplesInterferon gamma treatment of macrophages results in hundreds if not thousands of alterations in gene expression and an antiviral state being established in these cells. Little is known about relationship between transcript synthesis, abundance and decay in macrophages during the first hours after interferon gamma treatment and how these factors influence the antiviral cellular phenotype.
An Interferon Regulated MicroRNA Provides Broad Cell-Intrinsic Antiviral Immunity through Multihit Host-Directed Targeting of the Sterol Pathway.
Age, Specimen part
View Samples