The purpose of this study was to determine the gene expression patterns of the colon of GPR41 KO and GPR43 KO mice in response to ETOH treatment
Short-chain fatty acids activate GPR41 and GPR43 on intestinal epithelial cells to promote inflammatory responses in mice.
Specimen part
View SamplesAcquisition of the lower jaw (mandible) was evolutionarily important for jawed vertebrates. In humans, syndromic craniofacial malformations often accompany jaw anomalies. Hand2 is involved in coordinating the developmental network of mandibles and the oral apparatus through Hand2-downstream genes and is therefore a major determinant of jaw identity.
Specification of jaw identity by the Hand2 transcription factor.
Specimen part
View SamplesSympathetic neurons of SCG (Superior Cervical Ganglia) send axonal projections either along the external carotid arteries to innervate the salivary glands, or along the internal carotid arteries to the lacrimal and pineal glands, the eye, blood vessels and skin of the head, and the mucosa of the oral and nasal cavities. Previous studies using Wnt1Cre and R26R have defined the neural crest and mesodermal origins of vascular smooth muscle in the heart outflow tract and great vessels, although not specifically of the segments that are relevant for the projections of the SCG neurons. The third pharyngeal arch arteries are lined by neural crest-derived smooth muscle, and consequently, their derivatives, including the entirety of the external carotid arteries and only the base of the internal carotid arteries, also have a neural crest origin. In contrast, the dorsal aortae are lined by smooth muscle that is mesodermal in origin, and as a result, the internal carotid arteries from just above their origination from the common carotid arteries have a mesoderm-derived smooth muscle layer. To address the possibility that guidance cues for SCG neurons are selectively expressed by the external carotid vs. the internal carotid arteries, we isolated these segments of the vasculature from mouse embryos at E13.5 and extracted RNA to screen microarrays for differentially expressed genes.
Endothelins are vascular-derived axonal guidance cues for developing sympathetic neurons.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesNitrogen (N) is a key nutrient that is often the limiting factor in plant growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of N-starvation-responses remain largely unknown.
A NIGT1-centred transcriptional cascade regulates nitrate signalling and incorporates phosphorus starvation signals in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part
View SamplesTotal RNA was extracted using TRI® Reagent (Sigma). cDNA was synthesized by RevertAid™ First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit with Oligo dT primers (K1622, Fermentas) following manufacturer’s recommendations. PCR reactions were carried out on a DNAEngine® Thermal Cycler (PTC-0200G, Bio-Rad) in 25 µl reaction volume containing 1 µl cDNA, 200 nM primer pairs and components of TaKaRa Taq™ kit (R001A, Takara). All samples were analyzed in triplicate RT-qPCR.mRNAs were extracted using biotinylated poly(dT) oligo, followed by further removing of contaminated rRNA using RiboMinus Transcriptome Isolation Kit (K1550-02, Invitrogen). Then mRNAs were fragmented into 100-200nt length and subjected to immunoprecipitation with m6A specific antibody.The libraries were sequenced using HiSeq2000 (Illumina) in single-read mode, creating reads with a length of 101 bp. Sequencing chemistry v2 (Illumina) was used and samples were multiplexed in two samples per lane. Overall design: discovery of the binding motif of m6a in normal, FTO deficient and five stages of adipogensis (D-2/0/2/5/10) in Mouse embryo ?broblast 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes
FTO-dependent demethylation of N6-methyladenosine regulates mRNA splicing and is required for adipogenesis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNA was isolated from control and FTO,METTL3 deficient mouse 3T3-L1 cells using the TRIzol (Invitrogen) reagent by following the company manual.Total RNA was isolated from transiently transfected cells with TRI® Reagent (Sigma). mRNA was extracted using biotinylated poly(dT) oligo, followed by further removing of contaminated rRNA using RiboMinus Transcriptome Isolation Kit (K1550-02, Invitrogen). mRNA quality was analyzed by NanoDrop. Approximately 2.5 µg of total RNA was then used for library preparation using a TruSeq™ RNA Sample Prep Kit v2 (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.The libraries were sequenced using HiSeq2000 (Illumina) in single-read mode, creating reads with a length of 101 bp. Sequencing chemistry v2 (Illumina) was used and samples were multiplexed in two samples per lane. Overall design: Examination of gene expressive levels in normal and FTO, METTL3 deficient mouse 3T3-L1 cells
FTO-dependent demethylation of N6-methyladenosine regulates mRNA splicing and is required for adipogenesis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesKlf5 has essential functions during early embryogenesis and in the derivation of ES cells from inner-cell mass of blastocyst. Among Kruppel-like factor (Klf) family members, only Klf5 shows peri-implantation lethal phenotype, but the precise mechanisms still remain unknown. To understand and identify molecular mechanisms, we performed microarray analysis by using E3.0 WT and Klf5 KO embryos when first phenotype of Klf5 deficiency appears.
<i>Klf5</i> maintains the balance of primitive endoderm versus epiblast specification during mouse embryonic development by suppression of <i>Fgf4</i>.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo examine whether energy starvation caused by the increase in rRNA transcription affects liver metabolism, we compared the gene expression profiles of WT and NML-KO livers using Affymetrix microarray technology.
Hepatic rRNA transcription regulates high-fat-diet-induced obesity.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesHomozygous disruption of Bteb2/Klf5, a homolog of Drosophila gap gene Krppel, led to increased expression of various differentiation marker genes, such as Fgf5, Cdx2, and Brachyury in mouse ES cells without compromising their ability to differentiate into all three germ layers. Upon removal of LIF, Klf5-deficient ES cells showed faster differentiation kinetics than wild-type ES cells. In contrast, overexpression of Klf5 in ES cells suppressed the transcription of differentiation marker genes, and maintained pluripotency in the absence of LIF. In order to search downstream genes of Klf5, we surveyed genes implicated in ES cell proliferation by microarray analysis
Krüppel-like factor 5 is essential for blastocyst development and the normal self-renewal of mouse ESCs.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesSnail is a transcriptional repressor, which induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, overall functions of Snail remain to be elucidated. This microarray was performed to investigate the influence of Snail expression on mRNA transcription levels in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line, II-18.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition abolishes the susceptibility of polarized epithelial cell lines to measles virus.
Cell line
View Samples