Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are the main constituent of the enteric nervous system and share similarities with astrocytes from the central nervous system including their reactivity to an inflammator microenvironment. In this study we isolated GFAP-positive myenteric glia from FVB/hGFAP-eGFP transgenic postnatal day 7 mice. Following cell sorting for the eGFP reporter, GFAP-positive EGCs were cultured for 3 weeks to generate neurosphere-like bodies. This cell culture was stimulated with LPS for 48 h and cells were employed for gene expression profiling. LPS-stimulated cell cultures were compared to untreated control cell cultures. Enriched GFAP+ EGC cultures secreted increased levels of prominent inflammatory cytokines upon LPS stimulation. Further, in vitro cultures were compared to GFAP-eGFP-positive cells directly analyzed after cell sorting of small intestinal LMMP digests (in vivo) to assess alterations in transcriptomic profiles due to the in vitro culture.
Activation of Myenteric Glia during Acute Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo.
Specimen part
View SamplesBackground
Adapted Boolean network models for extracellular matrix formation.
Sex, Age
View SamplesDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents a heterogeneous diagnostic category with distinct molecular subtypes that can be defined by gene expression profiling. However, even within these defined subtypes, heterogeneity prevails. To further elucidate the pathogenesis of these entities, we determined the expression of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in 248 primary DLBCL patient samples. These analyses revealed that loss of PTEN was detectable in 55% of germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) DLBCLs, whereas this abnormality was found in only 14% of non-GCB DLBCL patient samples. In GCB DLBCL, the PTEN status was inversely correlated with activation of the oncogenic PI3K/ protein kinase B (AKT) pathway in both DLBCL cell lines and primary patient samples. Re-expression of PTEN induced cytotoxicity in PTEN-deficient GCB DLBCL cell line models by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling, indicating an addiction to this pathway in this subset of GCB DLBCLs. PI3K/AKT inhibition induced down-regulation of the transcription factor MYC. Re-expression of MYC rescued GCB DLBCL cells from PTEN-induced toxicity, identifying a regulatory mechanism of MYC expression in DLBCL. Finally, pharmacologic PI3K inhibition resulted in toxicity selectively in PTEN-deficient GCB DLBCL lines. Collectively, our results indicate that PTEN loss defines a PI3K/ AKT-dependent GCB DLBCL subtype that is addicted to PI3K and MYC signaling and suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of PI3K might represent a promising therapeutic approach in these lymphomas.
PTEN loss defines a PI3K/AKT pathway-dependent germinal center subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Sex, Disease, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesA prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Children's hospital between September 1, 2008 and November 30, 2010. The entry criteria were (1) preterm birth below 32 weeks gestational age, (2) birthweight<1500g (VLBW). During the follow-up period, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was diagnosed in 68 (61%) infants, including 40 (36%) children with mild disease, 13 (12%) with moderate and 15 (13%) with severe BPD. Forty-three babies served as a control group (no BPD).
Gene expression profiling in preterm infants: new aspects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia development.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWe report the profiling of induced mRNA transcripts in two C. elegan replicate populations -- WT (N2) and mutant strain with deficient HLH30. Both strains were fed either OP50 strain of e-coli (normal feed) or S. aureus Overall design: Examination of infected versus uninfected wildtype and mutant lawns of animals
Innate host defense requires TFEB-mediated transcription of cytoprotective and antimicrobial genes.
Subject
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
IκB-ζ controls the constitutive NF-κB target gene network and survival of ABC DLBCL.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesConstitutive activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway is a hallmark of the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recurrent mutations of NF-kB regulators that cause constitutive activity of this oncogenic pathway have been identified. However, it remains unclear how specific target genes are regulated. We identified the IkB-like protein NFKBIZ that binds NF-kB subunits and enhances transactivation of some NF-kB target genes while repressing others, to be upregulated in ACB compared to GCB DLBCL primary patient samples (p=5.1 x 10^-37). Knockdown of NFKBIZ by RNA interference was toxic to ABC but not GCB DLBCL cell lines. Gene expression profiling following NFKBIZ knockdown significantly downregulated a large number of NF-kB target genes, suggesting a central role in regulating NF-kB signaling. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of how NFKBIZ mediates NF-kB signaling in ABC DLBCL, we performed immunoprecipitations and detected an interaction of NFKBIZ with both p50 and p52 NF-kB subunits, indicating that both the canonical and non-canonical NF-kB pathways are regulated by NFKBIZ. Collectively, our data imply that NFKBIZ is required for NF-kB signaling in ABC DLBCL and thus might represent a promising molecular target for future therapies.
IκB-ζ controls the constitutive NF-κB target gene network and survival of ABC DLBCL.
Cell line
View SamplesConstitutive activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway is a hallmark of the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recurrent mutations of NF-kB regulators that cause constitutive activity of this oncogenic pathway have been identified. However, it remains unclear how specific target genes are regulated. We identified the IkB-like protein NFKBIZ that binds NF-kB subunits and enhances transactivation of some NF-kB target genes while repressing others, to be upregulated in ACB compared to GCB DLBCL primary patient samples (p=5.1 x 10^-37). Knockdown of NFKBIZ by RNA interference was toxic to ABC but not GCB DLBCL cell lines. Gene expression profiling following NFKBIZ knockdown significantly downregulated a large number of NF-kB target genes, suggesting a central role in regulating NF-kB signaling. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of how NFKBIZ mediates NF-kB signaling in ABC DLBCL, we performed immunoprecipitations and detected an interaction of NFKBIZ with both p50 and p52 NF-kB subunits, indicating that both the canonical and non-canonical NF-kB pathways are regulated by NFKBIZ. Collectively, our data imply that NFKBIZ is required for NF-kB signaling in ABC DLBCL and thus might represent a promising molecular target for future therapies.
IκB-ζ controls the constitutive NF-κB target gene network and survival of ABC DLBCL.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesPerinatal asphyxia is detrimental to the newborn baby and the use of supplemental oxygen during resuscitation may worsen the prognosis of these babies. The mechanism behind hyperoxic injury is not fully understood and our aim was to investigate four oxygen therapies following hypoxia and these effects on transcriptional activity.
Transcriptome profiling of the newborn mouse brain after hypoxia-reoxygenation: hyperoxic reoxygenation induces inflammatory and energy failure responsive genes.
Specimen part
View SamplesRIP-chip-SRM : a New Combinatorial Large Scale Approach Identifies a Set of Translationally Regulated bantam/miR 58 Targets in C. elegans
RIP-chip-SRM--a new combinatorial large-scale approach identifies a set of translationally regulated bantam/miR-58 targets in C. elegans.
Specimen part
View Samples