To realize the full potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESC), it is important to develop culture conditions that maintain hESC in a pluripotent, undifferentiated state. A low O2 atmosphere (~4% O2), for example, prevents spontaneous differentiation and supports self-renewal of hESC. To identify genes whose expression is sensitive to O2 conditions, microarray analysis was performed on RNA from hESC that had been maintained under either 4% or 20% O2. Of 149 genes differentially expressed, 42 were up-regulated and 107 down-regulated under 20% O2. Several of the down-regulated genes are most likely under the control of hypoxia-inducing factors and include genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate catabolism and cellular redox state. Although genes associated with pluripotency, including OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG were generally unaffected, some genes controlled by these transcription factors, including LEFTY2, showed lowered expression under 20% O2, while a few genes implicated in lineage specification were up-regulated. Although the differences between O2 conditions were generally subtle, they were observed in two different hESC lines and at different passage numbers. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that 4% O2 favors the molecular mechanisms required for the maintenance of pluripotency.
Identification of oxygen-sensitive transcriptional programs in human embryonic stem cells.
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View SamplesA goal of this study was to identify and investigate previously unrecognized components of the remodeling process in the progression to heart failure by comparing gene expression in ischemic, failing (F) to non-failing (NF) hearts. These results also were compared to the changes observed in a proteomic analysis of F and NF hearts.
Differential protein expression and basal lamina remodeling in human heart failure.
Specimen part
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Clonal Variation in Drug and Radiation Response among Glioma-Initiating Cells Is Linked to Proneural-Mesenchymal Transition.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesIntra-tumor heterogeneity is a hallmark of glioblastoma multiforme, and thought to negatively affect treatment efficacy. Here we establish libraries of glioma-initiating cell (GIC) clones from patient samples and find extensive molecular and phenotypic variability between clones, including a wide range of responses to radiation and drugs. This widespread variability was observed as a continuum of multitherapy resistance phenotypes linked to a proneural-to-mesenchymal shift in the transcriptome.
Clonal Variation in Drug and Radiation Response among Glioma-Initiating Cells Is Linked to Proneural-Mesenchymal Transition.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesSpinal cord injury leads to impaired motor and sensory functions. After spinal cord injury there is a an initial phase of hypo-reflexia followed by a developing hyper-reflexia, often termed spasticity. Previous studies have suggested a relationship between the reappearence of plateau potentials in motor neurons and the development of spasticity after spinalization. To understand the molecular mechanism behind this phenomenon we examined the transcriptional response of the motor neurons after spinal cord injury.
Global gene expression analysis of rodent motor neurons following spinal cord injury associates molecular mechanisms with development of postinjury spasticity.
Sex
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Polo-Like Kinase 3 Appears Dispensable for Normal Retinal Development Despite Robust Embryonic Expression.
Specimen part
View SamplesThese data investigate the transcriptomic differences in the whole retinas of mice resulting from loss of Polo-like Kinase 3 (Plk3) over various stages of development, including adulthood, postnatal day (P)7, and P0.
Polo-Like Kinase 3 Appears Dispensable for Normal Retinal Development Despite Robust Embryonic Expression.
Specimen part
View SamplesBackground:
Gene profile analysis of osteoblast genes differentially regulated by histone deacetylase inhibitors.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAnalysis of adult retinas from tripartite motif-containing domain 9 knockouts and wild type littermates. Trim9 belongs to the TRIM family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. Results provide insight into possible roles for Trim9 in the retina.
The Trim family of genes and the retina: Expression and functional characterization.
Specimen part
View SamplesThese data investigate the transcriptomic differences in the whole retinas of mice resulting from loss of Polo-like Kinase 3 (Plk3) at embryonic day (E)16.
Polo-Like Kinase 3 Appears Dispensable for Normal Retinal Development Despite Robust Embryonic Expression.
Specimen part
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