Given their precipitous encounter with the environment, newborn infants might be expected to possess abundant immunoprotective mechanisms. Paradoxically, their T cells display grossly impaired Th1 anti-bacterial and anti-viral responses. This study identifies factors produced by neonatal CD4 T cells when compared with adult naive CD4 T cells and highlights CXCL8 as a pivotal effector molecule in neonatal T cells. Using Affimetrix microarray we compared gene expression in cord blood derived CD4 T cells with naive CD4 T cells from adults after polyclonal stimulation.
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) production is a signatory T cell effector function of human newborn infants.
Specimen part
View SamplesCumulus cells surrounding mature oocytes that developed to moruale/blastocyst stage on day 5 of IVF cycle were collected and used for gene expression profiling using Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Arrays in order to determine differences in gene expression between the modified natural and stimulated in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures.
Differences in cumulus cells gene expression between modified natural and stimulated in vitro fertilization cycles.
Subject
View SamplesAffymetrix gene expression profiling in cumulus cells (CC) retrieved from patients undergoing GnRH agonists and GnRH antagonists IVF treatment.
Cumulus cells gene expression profiling in terms of oocyte maturity in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation using GnRH agonist or GnRH antagonist.
Subject
View SamplesUOK257 cell line was derived from a BHD patient. It harbors a germline mutation in FLCN (c.1285dupC) and LOH. UOK257-2 cells were generated from UOK257 cells by introducing wildtype FLCN using retrovirus. FLCN inactivation induces TFE3 transcriptional activity by increasing its nuclear localization. Thus expression microarray was used to identify the genes regulated by FLCN and TFE3.
The UOK 257 cell line: a novel model for studies of the human Birt-Hogg-Dubé gene pathway.
Cell line
View SamplesLong-lived quiescent mammary stem cells (MaSCs) are presumed to coordinate the dramatic expansion of ductal epithelium that occurs through the different phases of postnatal development, but little is known about the molecular regulators that underpin the activation of MaSCs. Here we show that ablation of the transcription factor Foxp1 in the mammary gland profoundly impairs ductal morphogenesis, resulting in a rudimentary tree throughout adult life. Foxp1-deficient glands were highly enriched for quiescent Tspan8hi MaSCs, which failed to become activated, even in competitive transplantation assays, and therefore harbor a cell-intrinsic defect. Luminal cells aberrantly expressed basal genes, suggesting that Foxp1 may also contribute to cell-fate decisions. Notably, Foxp1 was uncovered as a direct repressor of the Tspan8 gene in basal cells and deletion of Tspan8 could rescue the profound defects in ductal morphogenesis elicited by Foxp1 loss. Thus, a single transcriptional regulator, Foxp1, can control the exit of MaSCs from dormancy to orchestrate differentiation and development. Overall design: Basal and luminal epithelial cells were extracted from the mammary glands of floxed Foxp1 control and Foxp1 mammary gland conditional knockout mice. mRNA from three biological replicates of each cell population was profiled by RNA sequencing. All mice were female.
Foxp1 Is Indispensable for Ductal Morphogenesis and Controls the Exit of Mammary Stem Cells from Quiescence.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe implemented a functional genomics approach as a means to undertake a large-scale analysis of the Xenopus laevis inner ear transcriptome through microarray analysis.
Probing the Xenopus laevis inner ear transcriptome for biological function.
Specimen part
View SamplesComparison of LAPC cells isolated from naive PBS treated and influenza treated mice.
Identification of a novel antigen-presenting cell population modulating antiinfluenza type 2 immunity.
Specimen part
View SamplesHuman peroxisome biogenesis disorders are lethal genetic disease in which abnormal peroxisome assembly compromises overall peroxisome and cellular function. Peroxisomes are ubiquitous membrane-bound organelles involved in several important biochemical processes, notably lipid metabolism and the use of reactive oxygen species for detoxification. Using cultured cells, we systematically characterized the peroxisome assembly phenotypes associated with dsRNA-mediated knockdown of 14 predicted Drosophila homologs of PEX genes (encoding peroxins; required for peroxisome assembly and linked to peroxisome biogenesis disorders), and confirmed that at least 13 of them are required for normal peroxisome assembly. We also demonstrate the relevance of Drosophila as a genetic model for the early developmental defects associated with the human peroxisome biogenesis disorders. Mutation of the PEX1 gene is the most common cause of peroxisome biogenesis disorders and is one of the causes of the most severe form of the disease, Zellweger syndrome. Inherited mutations in Drosophila Pex1 correlate with reproducible defects during early development. Notably, Pex1 mutant larvae exhibit abnormalities that are analogous to those exhibited by Zellweger syndrome patients, including developmental delay, poor feeding, severe structural abnormalities in the peripheral and central nervous systems, and early death. Finally, microarray analysis defined clusters of genes whose expression varied significantly between wild-type and mutant larvae, implicating peroxisomal function in neuronal development, innate immunity, lipid and protein metabolism, gamete formation, and meiosis.
A Drosophila model for the Zellweger spectrum of peroxisome biogenesis disorders.
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View SamplesPrevious studies identified a role for latent herpesvirus infection in cross-protection to infection and exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we compared the gene expression signature from livers, spleens and brains of mice infected with wild-type gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68), a mutant virus defective in the establishment of latency (ORF73.stop) or mockulum. We identified over 600 genes differentially expressed in organs of mice latently infected with MHV68 and found distinct sets of genes linked to different pathways were altered in spleen compared to liver. Several of the most differentially expressed latency-specific genes (e.g. IFN, Cxcl9, Ccl5) are associated with known latency-specific phenotypes.
Latent gammaherpesvirus 68 infection induces distinct transcriptional changes in different organs.
Specimen part
View SamplesMicroRNA (miRNA) and endogenous siRNA (endo-siRNA) are two essential classes of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in eukaryotic organisms. The class of miRNA is diverse and there exist noncanonical miRNAs that bypass the canonical miRNA biogenesis pathway. In order to identify noncanonical miRNAs and endo-siRNAs responding to virus infection and study their potential function, we sequenced small-RNA species from cells lytically infected with murine gammaherpesvirus 68. In addition to 3 novel canonical miRNAs in mouse, two antisense miRNAs in virus and 25 novel noncanonical miRNAs, including miRNAs derived from tRNAs, snoRNAs and introns, in the host were identified. These noncanonical miRNAs exhibited features distinct from canonical miRNAs in the lengths and structures of miRNA hairpins as well as base pairings and first nucleotide preference. Many of the novel miRNAs are conserved in mammals. In addition to several known murine endo-siRNAs detected by the sequencing profiling, a novel locus in the mouse genome was identified to give rise to endo-siRNAs. This novel endo-siRNA locus is comprised of two tandem inverted B4 short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). Unexpectedly, the SINE-derived endo-siRNAs were found in a variety of sequencing data as well as virus-infected cells. Moreover, a murine miRNA was up-regulated more than 35 fold in infected than in mock-treated cells. The putative target genes of the viral and the up-regulated murine miRNAs were potentially involved in processes of gene transcription and protein phosphorylation and localized to membranes, suggesting their role in manipulating the host basal immune system during lytic infection. Our results extended the number of noncanonical miRNAs in mammals and shed new lights on their potential functions of lytic infection of MHV68. Overall design: Mouse NIH 3T12 cells infectd with MHV68 (3 samples) and mock-treated (2 samples) were examined. Noncanonical microRNAs and endogenous siRNAs discovery in lytic infection of murine gammaherpesvirus MHV68 (NC_001826.2).
Identification of novel microRNA-like molecules generated from herpesvirus and host tRNA transcripts.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples