Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased esophageal cancer risk. Vitamin D controls many downstream regulators of cellular processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. We evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on global gene expression in patients with Barrett's esophagus.
A nonrandomized trial of vitamin D supplementation for Barrett's esophagus.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe used human gene expression microarray to interrogate how glutamine deprivation differentially impact gene expession in isogenic PIK3CA mutant and WT cells.
5-Fluorouracil Enhances the Antitumor Activity of the Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 against <i>PIK3CA</i>-Mutant Colorectal Cancers.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesThe events regulating human preimplantation development are still largely unknown, due to scarcity of material, ethical and legal limitations, and lack of reliable techniques to faithfully amplify the transcriptome of a single cell. Nonetheless, knowledge in human embryology is gathering renewed interest due to its close relationship with both stem cell biology and epigenetic reprogramming to pluripotency, and their centrality to regenerative medicine. Using carefully timed genome-wide transcript analyses on single oocytes and embryos, the analysis of the data allowed us to uncover a series of successive waves of embryonic transcriptional initiation which start as early as the 2 cell stage. In addition, we identified hierarchical activation of genes involved in the regulation of pluripotency. Finally, we developed HumER, a free database of human preimplantation human development gene expression to serve the scientific community. Importantly, our work links early transcription in the human embryo with the correct execution of the pluripotency program later in development, and paves the way for the identification of factors to improve epigenetic reprogramming.
Waves of early transcriptional activation and pluripotency program initiation during human preimplantation development.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesParthenogenetic stem cells were derived from parthenotes, then differentiated to mesenchymal stem cells. These were further reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells, which were finally differentiated to secondary mesenchymal stem cells.
Accumulation of instability in serial differentiation and reprogramming of parthenogenetic human cells.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThe SCL and LMO1 oncogenic transcription factors reprogram thymocytes into self-renewing pre-leukemic stem cells (pre-LSCs). Here we report that SCL directly interacts with LMO1 to activate the transcription of a self-renewal program coordinated by LYL1.
SCL, LMO1 and Notch1 reprogram thymocytes into self-renewing cells.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesInduced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have generated interest for regenerative medicine as they allow for producing patient-specific progenitors in vitro with potential value for cell therapy. In many instances, however, an off-the-shelf approach would be desirable, such as for cell therapy of acute conditions or when the patient's somatic cells are altered as a consequence of chronic disease or aging. Cord blood (CB) stem cells appear ideally suited for this purpose as they are newborn, immunologically immature cells with minimal genetic and epigenetic alterations, and several hundred thousand immunotyped CB units are readily available through a worldwide network of CB banks. Here, we show that CB stem cells can be reprogrammed to pluripotency by retroviral transduction with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC, in a process that is extremely efficient and fast. The resulting CB-derived iPS (CBiPS) cells are phenotypically and molecularly indistinguishable from human embryonic stem (hES) cells. Furthermore, we show that generation of CBiPS can be efficiently achieved without the use of the c-MYC and KLF4 oncogenes and just by overexpression of OCT4 and SOX2. Our studies set the basis for the creation of a comprehensive bank of HLA-matched CBiPS cells for off-the-shelf applications.
Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human cord blood using OCT4 and SOX2.
Specimen part
View SamplesGene expression data obtained from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from wild type fibroblasts (iPSc WT) and from Gaucher Disease type 2 fibroblasts (GD iPSc). Also, gene expression analysis from the initial fibroblasts was made (WT fibroblasts and GD- fibroblasts), as well as gene expression analysis from a human embryonic stem cell line (hES4).
Neuronopathic Gaucher's disease: induced pluripotent stem cells for disease modelling and testing chaperone activity of small compounds.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesA better understanding of the molecular and cellular factors involved in human plasma cell differentiation will accelerate therapeutic target identification in autoantibody-mediated diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Here, we describe a novel CXCR3+ PD1hi CD4+ T cell 'helper' population expanded in blood and inflamed kidneys of SLE patients. Upon activation, these cells express IFNg and IL10 and display high levels of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) as the result of reverse electron transfer (RET) fueled by succinate. Furthermore, T cell-derived succinate synergizes with IL10 to provide B cell help. Cells with similar phenotype and function are generated in vitro upon priming naive CD4+ T cells with oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox mtDNA)- activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in a PD1-dependent manner. Our results provide a novel mechanism for the initiation and/or perpetuation of extrafollicular humoral responses in SLE. Overall design: 2 independent datasets; dataset1: total 9 samples (3 subjects, 3 groups, 3 replicates); dataset2: total 20 samples, 2 samples(PD1POS, Tfh) from each of 10 SLE patients
A CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell population expanded in lupus blood provides B cell help through interleukin-10 and succinate.
Specimen part, Disease, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesA better understanding of the mechanisms involved in human plasma cell differentiation will accelerate therapeutic target identification in autoantibody-mediated diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Here, we describe a novel CXCR5- CXCR3+ PD1hi CD4+ T cell 'helper' population distinct from follicular helper T cells (Tfh) and expanded in blood and inflamed kidneys of SLE patients. Upon activation, these cells express IFN??and high levels of IL10. Additionally, they accumulate high amounts of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) as the result of reverse electron transport (RET) fueled by succinate. These cells provide potent help to B cells through the synergistic effect of IL10 and succinate. Cells with similar phenotype and function are generated in vitro upon priming naïve CD4+ T cells with oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox mtDNA)-activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in a PD1-dependent manner. Our results provide a novel mechanism for the initiation and/or perpetuation of extrafollicular humoral responses in SLE. Overall design: 9 total samples; 3 groups of 3 biological replicates: control group Th0, co-culture group CpGA-pDC, and co-culture group Ox mtDNA-pDC
A CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell population expanded in lupus blood provides B cell help through interleukin-10 and succinate.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesComparing global gene expression of neonatal and adult natural killer cells to determine if differences in gene expression suggest that different developmental pathways during hematopoiesis are followed in the fetal and adult mouse to produce mature natural killer cells.
Expression of rearranged TCRgamma genes in natural killer cells suggests a minor thymus-dependent pathway of lineage commitment.
Age, Specimen part
View Samples