Huntingtons disease (HD) is an incurable hereditary neurodegenerative disorder, which manifests itself as a loss of GABAergic medium spiny (GABA MS) neurons in the striatum and caused by an expansion of the CAG repeat in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene. There is no cure for HD, existing pharmaceutical can only relieve its symptoms. Here, induced pluripotent stem cells were established from patients with low CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, and were then efficiently differentiated into GABA MS-like neurons under defined culture conditions. Analysis of differentially expressed genes between Huntingtons disease and wild type iPSCs derived GABA MS-like neurons has been performed.
Manifestation of Huntington's disease pathology in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesInduced pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for modeling human hematopoietic diseases. However, intrinsic variability in the capacities of different iPSC lines for hematopoietic development complicates comparative studies and is currently unexplained.
Clonal genetic and hematopoietic heterogeneity among human-induced pluripotent stem cell lines.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesMaternal Blood histamine levels are tightly controlled in normal pregnancy. However, in specific complications of human pregnancy such as pre-eclampsia the levels of both placental and maternal blood histamine increase. Increasing blood histamine levels nonetheless, have been associated with oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, abnormal tissue growth, and Th1/TH2 imbalance, which are also linked to pre-eclampsia. Little is known of the molecular responses in the placenta to the prolonged exposure to increasing histamine levels in the presence of changing oxygen concentrations.
Oxygen and tissue culture affect placental gene expression.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesAnalysis of the gene expression pattern in the caput, corpus and cauda epididymides of three donors of 26-50 years of age with no medical pathologies that could affect reproductive function. The data generated in this study demonstrate a region specific gene expression pattern along the human epididymis that seems to coincide with the morphological distinctive features of the excurrent duct.
Region-specific gene expression profiling along the human epididymis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe previously demonstrated that Alox5deficiency impairs the function of LSCs and prevents the initiation of BCR-ABL-induced CML. To identify the pathways in whichAlox5gene regulates function of LSCs, we performed a comparative DNA microarray analysis using total RNA isolated from non-BCR-ABL-expressing Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+, BCR-ABL-expressing wild type LSCs and BCR-ABL-expressing Alox5-/- LSCs. The result was validated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of non-BCR-ABL-expressing Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+, BCR-ABL-expressing wild type LSCs and BCR-ABL-expressing Alox5-/- LSCs.
A tumor suppressor function of the Msr1 gene in leukemia stem cells of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesAdipocytes arise from commitment and differentiation of adipose precursors in white adipose tissue (WAT). In studying adipogenesis, precursor markers, including Pref-1 and PDGFRa, are used to isolate precursors from stromal vascular fraction of WAT, but the relationship among the markers is not known. Here, we used Pref-1 promoter-rtTA system in mice for labeling Pref-1+ cells and for inducible inactivation of Pref-1 target, Sox9. We show requirement of Sox9 for maintenance of Pref-1+ proliferative, early precursors. Upon Sox9 inactivation, these Pref-1+ cells become PDGFRa+ cells that express early adipogenic markers. Thus, we show for the first time that Pref-1+ cells precede PDGFRa+ cells in the adipogenic pathway and that Sox9 inactivation is required for WAT growth and expansion. Furthermore, we show that, in maintaining early adipose precursors, Sox9 activates Meis1 which prevents adipogenic differentiation. Our study also demonstrates the Pref-1 promoter-rtTA system for inducible gene inactivation in early adipose precursor population. Overall design: RNA-Sequencing for differentially expressed genes (more than 2-fold) between GFP+ (Pref-1+) ingWAT SVF cells from floxed and Sox9 PreASKO mice (n=6 pooled).
Sox9-Meis1 Inactivation Is Required for Adipogenesis, Advancing Pref-1<sup>+</sup> to PDGFRα<sup>+</sup> Cells.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesOur objective was to determine the nature and extent of androgen regulation of gene expression in the female lacrimal, meibomian,and submandibular glands, and to explore the degree to which this control is the same as in male glands.
Influence of testosterone on gene expression in the ovariectomized mouse submandibular gland.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWorldwide, almost 100 millions men rely on vasectomy for male contraceptive purposes. Due to changes in their personal life, an increasing number of these men request surgical vasectomy reversal. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of these men remain infertile, despite the reestablishment of patent ducts, possibly due to epididymal damages caused by vasectomy. In animal models, vasectomy affects different epididymal physiological and biochemical parameters. However, consequences of vasectomy on these biochemical parameters are poorly understood at the molecular level. Furthermore, results obtained with animal models cannot by extrapolated to human to understand the consequences of vasectomy on epididymal functions. Gene expression pattern of epididimydis is highly regulated. We previously showed that the human epididymal expression pattern of two genes is altered under vasectomy. To complete the list of epididymal genes affected by vasectomy, we analysed the epididymal gene expression profile of three vasectomised donors, using the affymetrix human GeneChip U133 Plus 2. These results were compared with gene expression pattern of three normal donors. The data generated allowed the identification of many human epididymal genes for which the expression is modified under vasectomy. Qt-PCR and western-blot analysis of six selected genes known to be expressed in specific epididymal segments were performed. The Qt-PCR results confirmed the selected transcripts expression pattern deduced from microarrays data, while the western-blot analysis revealed some differences in protein distribution along the epididymis when compared to the transcripts expression pattern. These results contribute to the understanding of the causes of the persistent of infertility even though spermogram values suggest surgical success of vasovasostomy.
Effects of vasectomy on gene expression profiling along the human epididymis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesCerebral malaria is a severe multifactorial condition associated with the interaction of high numbers of infected erythrocytes to human brain endothelium without invasion into the brain. The result is coma and seizures with death in more than 20% of cases. Because the brain endothelium is at the interface of these processes, we investigated the global gene responses of human brain endothelium after the interaction with Plasmodium falciparuminfected erythrocytes with either high- or low-binding phenotypes. The most significantly up-regulated transcripts were found in gene ontology groups comprising the immune response, apoptosis and antiapoptosis, inflammatory response, cell-cell signaling, and signal transduction and nuclear factor B (NF-B) activation cascade. The proinflammatory NF-B pathway was central to the regulation of the P falciparummodulated endothelium transcriptome. The proinflammatory molecules, for example, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL2, IL-6, and IL-8, were increased more than 100-fold, suggesting an important role of blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelium in the innate defense during P falciparuminfected erythrocyte (Pf-IRBC) sequestration. However, some of these diffusible molecules could have reversible effects on brain tissue and thus on neurologic function. The inflammatory pathways were validated by direct measurement of proteins in brain endothelial supernatants. This study delineates the strong inflammatory component of human brain endothelium contributing to cerebral malaria.
Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes induce NF-kappaB regulated inflammatory pathways in human cerebral endothelium.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Sox9-Meis1 Inactivation Is Required for Adipogenesis, Advancing Pref-1<sup>+</sup> to PDGFRα<sup>+</sup> Cells.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples