Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in which macrophages and microglia play a central role. During active multiple sclerosis foamy macrophages and microglia, containing degenerated myelin, are abundantly found in demyelinated areas. Recent studies have described an altered macrophage phenotype after myelin internalization. However, by which mechanisms myelin affects the phenotype of macrophages and how this phenotype can influence lesion progression is unclear.
Myelin-derived lipids modulate macrophage activity by liver X receptor activation.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesFN044, FN211, FN242 and FN303 are the fast neutron generated mutants in cv. Steptoe background. These 4 mutants have lesion mimic phenotype and increase disease resistance to stem rust. ****[PLEXdb(http://www.plexdb.org) has submitted this series at GEO on behalf of the original contributor, ling zhang. The equivalent experiment is BB54 at PLEXdb.]
A cation/proton-exchanging protein is a candidate for the barley NecS1 gene controlling necrosis and enhanced defense response to stem rust.
Specimen part
View SamplesCoordinated regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is crucial for the cell to adjust its protein degradation capacity to changing proteolytic requirements. The transcription factor TCF11 has been identified as a regulator for 26S-proteasome formation in human cells to compensate for reduced proteolytic activity. To expand the current knowledge of other UPS-related TCF11 target genes in response to epoxomicin, we performed microarray analyses of cells exposed to epoxomicin and with or without depletion of TCF11.
Proteasomal degradation is transcriptionally controlled by TCF11 via an ERAD-dependent feedback loop.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Adam17 Deficiency Promotes Atherosclerosis by Enhanced TNFR2 Signaling in Mice.
Sex
View SamplesGene expression analysis in tissues of Adam17 hypomorphic and wildtype control C57BL/6 mice.
Adam17 Deficiency Promotes Atherosclerosis by Enhanced TNFR2 Signaling in Mice.
Sex
View SamplesGene expression analysis in tissues of Adam17 hypomorphic and wildtype control C57BL/6 mice.
Adam17 Deficiency Promotes Atherosclerosis by Enhanced TNFR2 Signaling in Mice.
Sex
View SamplesMolecular mechanisms of cell cycle exit are poorly understood. A group of genes required for cell cycle exit and maintenance of cell quiescence in human fibroblasts following serum deprivation has been recently identified. Studies on lymphocytes following growth factor deprivation-induced cell cycle exit have predominantly focused on the initiation of apoptosis. A set of genes involved in lymphocyte quiescence have also been identified among genes highly expressed in resting lymphocytes and down-regulated after cell activation. In our study, proliferating IL-2-dependent human T cells were forced to exit cell cycle by growth factor withdrawal, and their gene expression profiles were examined.
Molecular signature of cell cycle exit induced in human T lymphoblasts by IL-2 withdrawal.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesOrganisms respond to mitochondrial stress through the upregulation of an array of protective genes, often perpetuating an early response to metabolic dysfunction across a lifetime. We find that mitochondrial stress causes widespread changes in chromatin structure through histone H3K9 di-methylation marks traditionally associated with gene silencing. Mitochondrial stress response activation requires the di-methylation of histone H3K9 through the activity of the histone methyltransferase met-2 and the nuclear co-factor lin-65. While globally the chromatin becomes silenced by these marks, remaining portions of the chromatin open up, at which point the binding of canonical stress responsive factors such as DVE-1 occurs. Thus, a metabolic stress response is established and propagated into adulthood of animals through specific epigenetic modifications that allow for selective gene expression and lifespan extension. Overall design: comparison of gene expression changes in response to cco-1 RNAi treatment in N2, lin-65(n3441) and met-2(ok2307) populations of C. elegans L4 animals
Mitochondrial Stress Induces Chromatin Reorganization to Promote Longevity and UPR(mt).
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesEndosperm is a product of double fertilization, and provides nutrients and signals to the embryo during seed development in flowering plants. Early stages of endosperm development are critical for the development of its storage capacity through synthesis and accumulation of starch and storage proteins. Here we report on the isolation and sequencing of mRNAs from the central portion of the starchy endosperm of Zea mays (maize) B73 at 6 days after pollination. We detected high correlation among the four biological replicates of RNAs isolated using laser-capture microdissection of the cell type. Because the assayed stage of development precedes the synthesis and accumulation of the major storage proteins and starch in the endosperm, our dataset likely include mRNAs for genes that are involved in control and establishment of these developmental programs. Overall design: Four replicates of mRNAs from the central portion of starchy endopserm were isolated using laser-capture microdissection and sequenced using the Illumina GAIIx platform.
RNA-Seq analysis of laser-capture microdissected cells of the developing central starchy endosperm of maize.
Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesComparison of gene and protein expression in the large airway epithelium of never and current smokers.
Comparison of proteomic and transcriptomic profiles in the bronchial airway epithelium of current and never smokers.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Race, Subject
View Samples