Wild-type and mouse mutants for FGF3, FGF10 and FGF3/FGF10 double mutants at embryonic day E10 were analysed by microarrays for downregulated genes. A tissue sample corresponding to an area containing the otic vesicle and surrounding mesenchyme and neighboring hindbrain were isolated from E10 embryos (See Figure 3A of manuscript). Five samples were pooled for RNA preparation. Samples were isolated from wild-type, FGF3, FGF10 and FGF3/FGF10 double mutants. Two RNA samples for each genotype were generated (corresponding to 8 tissue samples). RNA was labeled and hybridized with Affymetrix U74A V2 arrays.
FGF signalling controls expression of vomeronasal receptors during embryogenesis.
Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesWe report the RNAseq analysis of human dermal fibroblasts which have been treated by protocols to stimulate their differentiation towards the otic lineage. This was achieved by transfection with different transcription factors with the aim to induce an initial reprogramming of the cells and was followed by growth factor treatments known to promote otic differentiation. The results show that a partial differentiation towards the otic lineage is achieved by these protocols. Overall design: RNAseq profiles were obtained from human dermal fibroblasts with two different protocols. Prior to treatment with growth factors stimulating differentiation, the samples were either transfected with the transcription factors OCT4 or a combination of ATOH1, POU4F3 and GFI1.
Transcription factor induced conversion of human fibroblasts towards the hair cell lineage.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe aim of this study consists in detecting genes regulated by N-myc in the murine cochlea
Otx2 is a target of N-myc and acts as a suppressor of sensory development in the mammalian cochlea.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesNaturally occurring variations of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) comprise a core assembly of Polycomb group proteins and additional factors that include, surprisingly, Autism Susceptibility Candidate 2 (AUTS2). While AUTS2 is often disrupted in patients with neuronal disorders, the underlying mechanism is unclear. We investigated the role of AUTS2 as part of a previously identified PRC1 complex (PRC1-AUTS2), and in the context of neurodevelopment. In contrast to the canonical role of PRC1 in gene repression, PRC1-AUTS2 activates transcription. Biochemical studies demonstrate that the CK2 component of PRC1-AUTS2 thwarts PRC1 repressive activity and AUTS2-mediated recruitment of P300 leads to gene activation. ChIP-seq of AUTS2 shows that it regulates neuronal gene expression through promoter association. Conditional CNS targeting of Auts2 in a mouse model leads to various developmental defects. These findings reveal a natural means of subverting PRC1 activity, linking key epigenetic modulators with neuronal functions and diseases. Overall design: mRNA profiles of P1 brain from wild type mice were generated by deep sequencing
An AUTS2-Polycomb complex activates gene expression in the CNS.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe aim of this study consists in detecting genes regulated by Meis2 in the murine cochlea
Meis2 Is Required for Inner Ear Formation and Proper Morphogenesis of the Cochlea.
Specimen part
View SamplesRepro9 in an allele of Mybl1 (A-Myb) transcription factor obtained in ENU screen to identify alleles causing mouse infertility. Repro9/repro9 mutant males are infertile due to meiotic arrest at pachytene stage. Mutants show wide range of abnormalities including inefficient chromosome synapsis, sex body formation and progression through meiotic cycle. Females are unaffected. To determine genes transcriptionally regulated by MYBL1 we analyzed gene expression profiles of wild type and repro9/repro9 mutant testis at 14 and 17 days postpartum. Analysis revealed many misregulated genes, in majority downregulated, at day 14 pp and even more at day 17 pp, probably due to secondary effects of meiotic arrest. Significantly misregulated genes were characterized by Gene Ontology. Comparative gene expression analysis uncovered potential targets of MYBL1 regulation that play roles in regulation of transcription, cell cycle, apoptosis, protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination, chromosome organization and others.
A-MYB (MYBL1) transcription factor is a master regulator of male meiosis.
Specimen part
View SamplesAs multiple myeloma tumors universally dysregulate cyclin D genes we conducted high-throughput chemical library screens for compounds that induce suppression of cyclin D2. The top-ranked compound was a natural triterpenoid, pristimerin.
Identification of a potent natural triterpenoid inhibitor of proteosome chymotrypsin-like activity and NF-kappaB with antimyeloma activity in vitro and in vivo.
Specimen part
View SamplesStudies investigating the causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) point to genetic as well as epigenetic mechanisms of the disease. Identification of epigenetic processes that contribute to ASD development and progression is of major importance and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Here we identify the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain containing transcriptional regulators (BETs) as epigenetic drivers of an ASD-like disorder in mice. We found that the pharmacological suppression of the BET proteins by a novel, highly selective and brain-permeable inhibitor, I-BET858, leads to selective suppression of neuronal gene expression followed by the development of an autism-like syndrome in mice. Many of the I-BET858 affected genes have been linked to ASD in humans thus suggesting the key role of the BET-controlled gene network in ASD. Our studies also suggest that environmental factors controlling BET proteins or their target genes may contribute to the epigenetic mechanism of ASD.
Autism-like syndrome is induced by pharmacological suppression of BET proteins in young mice.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) silences genes responsible for neurodegeneration.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesNormal brain function critically depends on the interaction between highly specialized neurons that operate within anatomically and functionally distinct brain regions. The fidelity of neuronal specification is contingent upon the robustness of the transcriptional program that supports the neuron type-specific patterns of gene expression. Changes in neuron type-specific gene expression are commonly associated with neurodegenerative disorders including Huntingtons and Alzheimers disease. The neuronal specification is driven by gene expression programs that are established during early stages of neuronal development and remain in place in the adult brain. Here we show that the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which supports neuron specification during early differentiation, contributes to the suppression of the transcription program that can be detrimental for the adult neuron function. We show that PRC2 deficiency in adult striatal neurons and in cerebellar Purkinje cells impairs the maintenance of neuron-type specific gene expression. The deficiency in PRC2 has a direct impact on a selected group of genes that is dominated by self-regulating transcription factors normally suppressed in these neurons. The age-dependent progressive transcriptional changes in PRC2-deficient neurons are associated with impaired neuronal function and survival and lead to the development of fatal neurodegenerative disorders in mice.
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) silences genes responsible for neurodegeneration.
No sample metadata fields
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