This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Combinatorial recruitment of CREB, C/EBPβ and c-Jun determines activation of promoters upon keratinocyte differentiation.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesCombinatorial recruitment of CREB, C/EBPb and Jun determines activation of promoters upon keratinocyte differentiation
Combinatorial recruitment of CREB, C/EBPβ and c-Jun determines activation of promoters upon keratinocyte differentiation.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWe assessed how lack of ISG15 influences the levels of transcripts after IFNa stimulation.
Human intracellular ISG15 prevents interferon-α/β over-amplification and auto-inflammation.
Specimen part
View SamplesPurpose: provide evidence that RNA-seq can add information to transcriptome profiling already discovered by other technologies for atopic dermatitis Methods: mRNA profiles of 20 atopic dermatitis were analyzed to compare lesional and non-lesional skin, then transcriptomes found by reads were compared to Microarray and RT-PCR Results:RNA-seq provided complementary genes to AD transcriptome IL-36 and TREM-1 Conclusions: Our study represents the first analysis of lesional AD tissue by RNA-seq and comparison to microarray and RT-PCR Overall design: paired biopsies from lesional and non-lesional tissue of 20 patients sequenced by RNA-seq
RNA sequencing atopic dermatitis transcriptome profiling provides insights into novel disease mechanisms with potential therapeutic implications.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAn improved understanding of the anti-tumor CD8+ T cell response after checkpoint blockade would enable more informed and effective therapeutic strategies. Here we examined the dynamics of the effector response of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) after checkpoint blockade therapy. Bulk and single-cell RNA profiles of CD8+ TILs after combined Tim-3+PD-1 blockade in preclinical models revealed significant changes in the transcriptional profile of PD-1? TILs. These cells could be divided into subsets bearing characterstics of naive-, effector-, and memory-precursor-like cells. Effector- and memory-precursor-like TILs contained tumor-antigen-specific cells, exhibited proliferative and effector capacity, and expanded in response to different checkpoint blockade therapies across different tumor models. The memory-precursor-like subset shared features with CD8+ T cells associated with response to checkpoint blockade in patients and was compromised in the absence of Tcf7. Expression of Tcf7 was requisite for the efficacy of diverse immunotherapies, highlighting the importance of this transcriptional regulator in the development of effective CD8+ T cell responses upon immunotherapy. Overall design: (i) RNAseq of Wild Type Naïve-like, Memory-like and Effector-like subpopulations of PD1-CD8+ Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes isolated from MC38-OVA. CD62LhiSlamf7-CX3CR1-, CD62L-Slamf7hiCX3CR1- and CD62L-Slamf7hiCX3CR1+ subsets within PD-1-CD8+ TILs (ii) RNAseq from WT mice, Tim-3+PD-1+ and Tim-3-PD-1- CD8+ TILs were isolated by cell sorting from MC38-OVA tumor-bearing mice that were treated with anti-PD-1 and anti-Tim-3 antibodies or isotype controls. (iii) Droplet-based single-cell RNA-Seq of Tim-3-PD-1- CD8+ TILs from MC38-OVA tumor-bearing WT mice that were treated with anti-PD-1 and anti-Tim-3 antibodies or isotype controls.
Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy Induces Dynamic Changes in PD-1<sup>-</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesA number of autoimmunity-associated MHC class II proteins interact only weakly with the invariant chain-derived class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP). CLIP dissociates rapidly from I-Ag7 even in the absence of DM, and this property is related to the type 1 diabetes-associated b57 polymorphism. We generated knock-in Non-obese Diabetic (NOD) mice with a single amino acid change in the CLIP segment of invariant chain in order to moderately slow CLIP dissociation from I-Ag7. These knock-in mice had a significantly reduced incidence of spontaneous type 1 diabetes and diminished islet infiltration by CD4 T cells, in particular T cells specific for fusion peptides generated by covalent linkage of proteolytic fragments within b cell secretory granules. Rapid CLIP dissociation enhanced presentation of such extracellular peptides, thus bypassing the conventional MHC class II antigen processing pathway. Autoimmunity-associated MHC class II polymorphisms therefore not only modify binding of self-peptides, but also alter the biochemistry of peptide acquisition. Overall design: Mouse pancreatic tissue was digested by collagenase, and islets were isolated and dissociated into single cells. Beta-cell-specific CD4 T cells were single-cell sorted by FACS based on tetramer labeling, and individual cells were profiled with a modified full length SMART-Seq2 protocol.
Rapid CLIP dissociation from MHC II promotes an unusual antigen presentation pathway in autoimmunity.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesRetrograde signaling from axon to soma activates intrinsic regeneration mechanisms in lesioned peripheral sensory neurons; however, the links between axonal injury signaling and the cell body response are not well understood. Here, we used phosphoproteomics and microarrays to implicate ~900 phosphoproteins in retrograde injury signaling in rat sciatic nerve axons in vivo and ~4500 transcripts in the in vivo response to injury in the dorsal root ganglia. Computational analyses of these data sets identified ~400 redundant axonal signaling networks connected to 39 transcription factors implicated in the sensory neuron response to axonal injury. Experimental perturbation of individual overrepresented signaling hub proteins, including Abl, AKT, p38, and protein kinase C, affected neurite outgrowth in sensory neurons. Paradoxically, however, combined perturbation of Abl together with other hub proteins had a reduced effect relative to perturbation of individual proteins. Our data indicate that nerve injury responses are controlled by multiple regulatory components, and suggest that network redundancies provide robustness to the injury response
Signaling to transcription networks in the neuronal retrograde injury response.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesDifferent allergens induce different immune responses
Molecular profiling of contact dermatitis skin identifies allergen-dependent differences in immune response.
Sex, Subject
View SamplesAfter 2 and 12 weeks of treatment, we observed significant reductions of 51% and 72%, respectively, in SCORAD scores. Clinical improvements were associated with significant gene expression changes in lesional but also nonlesional skin, particularly reductions in levels of TH2-, TH22-, and some TH17-related molecules (ie, IL-13, IL-22, CCL17, S100As, and elafin/peptidase inhibitor 3), and modulation of epidermal hyperplasia and differentiation measures.
Cyclosporine in patients with atopic dermatitis modulates activated inflammatory pathways and reverses epidermal pathology.
Sex, Age, Time
View SamplesEstrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers that develop resistance to therapies that target the ER are the most common cause of breast cancer death. Beyond mutations in ER, which occur in 25-30% of patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), our understanding of clinical mechanisms of resistance to ER-directed therapies remains incomplete. We identified activating HER2 mutations in metastatic biopsies from eight patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer who had developed resistance to ER-directed agents, including AIs, tamoxifen, and fulvestrant. Examination of treatment-naïve primary tumors in five patients revealed no evidence of pre-existing mutations in four of five patients, suggesting that these mutations were acquired under the selective pressure of ER-directed therapy. These mutations were mutually exclusive with ER mutations, suggesting a distinct mechanism of acquired resistance to ER-directed therapies. In vitro analysis confirmed that these mutations conferred estrogen independence. In addition, and in contrast to ER mutations, these mutations resulted in resistance to tamoxifen, fulvestrant, and the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Resistance was overcome by combining ER-directed therapy with the irreversible HER2 kinase inhibitor neratinib, highlighting an effective treatment strategy in these patients. Overall design: Examination of the transcriptional output (mRNA) of the HER2 activating mutations compared with controls under various drugs. Specifically, we expressed the activating mutations S653C, L755S, V777L, and L869R in ER+/HER2- breast cancer cell line (T47D), and controls (GFP, wild-type HER2, kinase-dead HER2, and ESR1 Y537S). Cell were then treated with DMSO, 1µM fulvestrant, 1µM neratinib, 10µM palbociclib, 1µM fulvestrant + 1µM neratinib, or 1µM fulvestrant + 10µM palbociclib for 24 hours. All experimental conditions were done in 6 replicates, sequenced in 3 replicates
Acquired HER2 mutations in ER<sup>+</sup> metastatic breast cancer confer resistance to estrogen receptor-directed therapies.
No sample metadata fields
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