Aging signatures developed from a longitudinal study design are dominated by reduced transcription of genes involved in protein synthesis Aging is a multifactorial process where the impact of singular components still remains unclear. Furthermore, previous studies were focused on measuring specific traits such as DNA -methylation and used categorical group-wise designs, unable to capture intra-individual signature changes. Here we have developed a new method for a longitudinal, age-related analysis combining the merits of a pair-wise design with the statistical power of gene set enrichment analysis. We present an integrated analysis, including transcriptional changes and genome-wide epigenetic changes in DNA- methylation, H3K4- and H3K27- histone methylation in promoter regions. We tested our method on a rare collection of paired skin fibroblast samples from male middle age to old age transitions and obtained functional, age-related clusters. By using a set of only ten individuals, we could demonstrate a high overlap of functional terms to previously established tissue-independent age signatures including extracellular matrix, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Importantly, we identify protein translation-related processes as the main cluster of age-driven, specific down regulation. Overall design: Evaluation of transcriptional changes in matched sample pairs of primary skin fibroblasts from middle and old age.
Longitudinal epigenetic and gene expression profiles analyzed by three-component analysis reveal down-regulation of genes involved in protein translation in human aging.
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View SamplesThis series represent several subgroups of experiments designed to investigate the role of basal immunoglobulin signaling in immature B cell development. The first subgroup of arrays (Ctrl Mhi, Cre Mhi, Cre Mlo) was done to identify the changes in gene expression in immature B cells as a consequence of inducible deletion of surface IgM expression via Cre-LoxP mediated excision of Ig heavy chain. The second subgroup of arrays (GFPneg, GFPpos, FxE Ctrl, FxE HA) was done to identify the changes in gene expression in immature B cells as a consequence of blockade of tyrosine kinase signaling with herbimycin A treatment. The third subgroup of arrays (FxD, FxE, B6 Mneg, HEL Mhi) was done to establish gene expression profiles of immature B, pre B and pro B cells as reference platforms for the other two subgroups. (Tze etal. Public Library of Science Biology, 2005)
Basal immunoglobulin signaling actively maintains developmental stage in immature B cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe edr1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana displays enhanced resistance to the powdery mildew Golovinomyces cichoracearum, resulting in cell death and an absence of visible disease symptoms. To better characterize and understand the defense response of edr1, a time course of early signaling responses was performed after inoculation with powdery mildew and compared to the responses of wild-type Col-0. These time points represent early stages in the infection process, before any signs of susceptibility or resistance are visible.
Negative regulation of defence signalling pathways by the EDR1 protein kinase.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesA great number of studies have investigated changes induced by morphine exposure in gene expression using several experimental models. In this study, we examined gene expression changes during chronic exposure to morphine during maturation and differentiation of zebrafish CNS.
Whole-genome expression profile in zebrafish embryos after chronic exposure to morphine: identification of new genes associated with neuronal function and mu opioid receptor expression.
Treatment
View SamplesHuntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease whose predominant neuropathological signature is the selective loss of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. Despite this selective neuropathology, the mutant protein (huntingtin) is found in virtually every cell so far studied, and, consequently, phenotypes are observed in a wide range of organ systems both inside and outside the central nervous system. We, and others, have suggested that peripheral dysfunction could contribute to the rate of progression of striatal phenotypes of HD. To test this hypothesis, we lowered levels of huntingtin by treating mice with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting the murine Huntingtin gene. To study the relationship between peripheral huntingtin levels and striatal HD phenotypes, we utilized a knock-in model of the human HD mutation (the B6.HttQ111/+ mouse). We treated mice with ASOs from 2-10 months of age, a time period over which significant HD-relevant signs progressively develop in the brains of HttQ111/+ mice. Peripheral treatment with ASOs led to persistent reduction of huntingtin protein in peripheral organs, including liver (64% knockdown), brown adipose (66% knockdown), and white adipose tissues (71% knockdown). This reduction was not associated with alterations in the severity of HD-relevant signs in the striatum of HttQ111/+ mice at the end of the study, including transcriptional dysregulation, the accumulation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions, and behavioral changes such as subtle hypoactivity and reduced exploratory drive. These results suggest that the amount of peripheral reduction achieved in the current study does not significantly impact the progression of HD-relevant signs in the central nervous system. Overall design: HttQ111/+ and Htt+/+ mice were given weekly intraperitoneal injections of Htt ASO, control ASO, or saline from 2 to 10 months of age. Striatal mRNA was sequenced from and N of 5-6 per arm (N=35 total).
Peripheral huntingtin silencing does not ameliorate central signs of disease in the B6.HttQ111/+ mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Sex, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesPreviously, we observed that a tick salivary protein named sialostatin L2 (SL2) mitigates caspase 1-mediated inflammation upon Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. Here we are performing next-generation sequencing to determine the global effect of SL2 upon A. phagocytophilum infection of macrophages. Overall design: BMDMs were treated by 4 different conditions (including non-treated, treated by SL2, treated by Anaplasma, and by Anaplasma and SL2, each treatment was performed in triplicate) followed by the extraction of total RNA and deep sequencing by Illumina
The Prostaglandin E2-EP3 Receptor Axis Regulates Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Mediated NLRC4 Inflammasome Activation.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe used a RAG2-GFP reporter mouse to show that RAG+ B lineage cells can be found in the small intestinal lamina proria in normally-housed mice at weaning age. We used microarry expression analysis to compare the RAG2+ population in the gut to the RAG2+ B lineage population in the bone marrow.
Microbial colonization influences early B-lineage development in the gut lamina propria.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe instrinsic regenerative capacity of human fetal cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has not been fully characterised. Here we demonstrate that we can expand cells with characteristics of cardiovascular progenitor cells from the MSC population of human fetal hearts with only minor fluctuations over time in culture (from day 15 to day 48).
Wnt/β-Catenin Stimulation and Laminins Support Cardiovascular Cell Progenitor Expansion from Human Fetal Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPooling of microarray datasets seems to be a reasonable approach to increase sample size when a heterogeneous disease like breast cancer is concerned. Different methods for the adaption of datasets have been used in the literature. We have analyzed influences of these strategies using a pool of 3,030 Affymetrix U133A microarrays from breast cancer samples. We present data on the resulting concordance with biochemical assays of well known parameters and highlight critical pitfalls. We further propose a method for the inference of cutoff values directly from the data without prior knowledge of the true result. The cutoffs derived by this method displayed high specificity and sensitivity. Markers with a bimodal distribution like ER, PgR, and HER2 discriminate different biological subtypes of disease with distinct clinical courses. In contrast, markers displaying a continuous distribution like proliferation markers as Ki67 rather describe the composition of the mixture of cells in the tumor.
Data-driven derivation of cutoffs from a pool of 3,030 Affymetrix arrays to stratify distinct clinical types of breast cancer.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
MYBL2 is a sub-haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene in myeloid malignancy.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
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