Livers from 15 month old mice mainatined on one of 25 different diets varying in protein, carbohydrate, fat (P,C,F) and energy content were analysed. Energy content was categorised as low (8kJ/g), medium (13kJ/g) or high (17kJ/g) Mice were placed on diet from 3 weeks of age and a subset culled for various analyses. The rest of the cohort was allowed to live out their natural life to assess lifespan.
Defining the Nutritional and Metabolic Context of FGF21 Using the Geometric Framework.
Specimen part
View SamplesElevated branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. How long-term dietary BCAAs impact late-life health and lifespan is unknown. Here, we show that when dietary BCAAs are varied against a fixed, isocaloric macronutrient background, long-term exposure to high BCAA diets led to hyperphagia, obesity and reduced lifespan. These effects were not due to elevated BCAA per se or hepatic mTOR activation, but rather the shift in balance between dietary BCAAs and other AAs, notably tryptophan and threonine. Increasing the ratio of BCAAs to these AAs resulted in hyperphagia and was linked to central serotonin depletion. Preventing hyperphagia by calorie restriction or pair-feeding averted the health costs of a high BCAA diet. Our data highlight a role for amino acid quality in energy balance and show that health costs of chronic high BCAA intakes were not due to intrinsic toxicity; rather, to hyperphagia driven by AA imbalance. Overall design: 3 animals per sex per diet were used. Mice were fed one of four diets (all 19% total protein, 63% carbohydrate, 18% fat, total energy density 14 kJ/g) varying in BCAA content (BCAA200: twice BCAA content of control diet AIN93G; BCAA100: standard content of BCAAs; and BCAA50 and BCAA20: containing one half and one fifth of standard content of BCAAs), and either euthanized at 15 months of age or maintained for determination of lifespan.
Branched chain amino acids impact health and lifespan indirectly via amino acid balance and appetite control.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesAnalysis of global gene expression in myeloid cells infiltrating tumors after irradiation. Cell death induces recruitment of myeloid cells into irradiated tumors thereby stimulating tumor recurrence. Results provide insights into molecular mechanisms regulating tumorigenic functions of myeloid cells in tumors re-growing after radiation therapy. Overall design: Samples were collected at day 4 from irradiated tumors in WT, TLR9KO and Stat3KO (MxCre/Stat3flox). There were total 11 samples with  3-4 replicates of each sample type.
TLR9 signaling in the tumor microenvironment initiates cancer recurrence after radiotherapy.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesElucidating the top of the mammary epithelial cell hierarchy is highly important for understanding its regeneration capabilities and identifying target cells for transformation. Aiming for enriched mammary epithelial stem cell population, CD200highCD200R1high epithelial cells were identified. These cells represent ~50% of the mammary repopulating units (MRUs, CD49fhigh CD24med ) and termed MRUCD200/CD200R1. Gene expression of these cells was compared to all other MRU cells, termed MRUnot CD200/CD200R1, as well as individual CD200+ population (MRU-CD200R1-) and CD200R1+ population (MRU-CD200-). Overall design: Gene expression from mammary epithelial cells carrying sorted by CD200, CD200R1 markers and MRU markers. Four populations were sequenced: MRU-positive CD200 positive and CD200R1 positive; MRU-positive and not CD200 positive CD200R1 positive; not MRU CD200 positive CD200R1 negative; not MRU CD200 negative CD200R1 positive. There are 5 replicates from 5 individual mice.
High Expression of CD200 and CD200R1 Distinguishes Stem and Progenitor Cell Populations within Mammary Repopulating Units.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesA transgenic mouse was generated using a CD2-driven transgene containing the cDNA of Ppp2ca to achieve over-expression of PP2Ac in T cells. Nave CD4 T cells were isolated and lysed at times 0, 6, and 24 hours after stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28
Protein phosphatase 2A enables expression of interleukin 17 (IL-17) through chromatin remodeling.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNA expression was measured by RNA-seq in E17 wild type and Sall1-?SRM mutant kidney. Overall design: RNA expression in mutant kidney was compared to wild type stage matched kidney.
A Sall1-NuRD interaction regulates multipotent nephron progenitors and is required for loop of Henle formation.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesCF patients suffer from chronic and recurrent respiratory tract infections which eventually lead to lung failure followed by death. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the major pathogens for CF patients and is the principal cause of mortality and morbidity in CF patients.
Bacterial adaptation during chronic infection revealed by independent component analysis of transcriptomic data.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Chromosome-wide analysis of parental allele-specific chromatin and DNA methylation.
Specimen part
View SamplesInfluenza virus infection-induced gene expression changes of regional B cells are mediated at least in part through type I Interferon:
Influenza virus infection causes global respiratory tract B cell response modulation via innate immune signals.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesTranscriptional profiling of the zebrafish embryonic host response to a systemic bacterial infection with Salmonella typhimurium (strain SL1027); comparison between traf6 knock-down and control morpholino treated embryos. Overall design: All infection experiments were performed using mixed egg clutches of ABxTL strain zebrafish. Embryos injected with traf6 morpholino or a 5bp mismatch control morpholino were staged at 27 hours post fertilization (hpf) by morphological criteria and approximately 250 cfu of DsRed expressing Salmonella bacteria were injected into the caudal vein close to the urogenital opening. As a control an equal volume of PBS was likewise injected. Pools of 20-40 infected and control embryos were collected 8 hours post infection (hpi). The whole procedure was preformed in triplicate on separate days. Total RNA of the biological triplicates was pooled using equal amounts of RNA prior to RNAseq library preparation.
Transcriptome analysis of Traf6 function in the innate immune response of zebrafish embryos.
No sample metadata fields
View Samples