Low reduced red:far-red ratio [R:FR] signaling through phytochromes induces shade avoidance responses, including petiole elongation. Jasmonic acid-mediated defense against herbivores and pathogens is inhibited under these conditions.
Low red/far-red ratios reduce Arabidopsis resistance to Botrytis cinerea and jasmonate responses via a COI1-JAZ10-dependent, salicylic acid-independent mechanism.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesHere we studied the effects of anticonvulsant drug exposure in a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) based neuro- developmental toxicity test (hESTn). During neural differentiation the cells were exposed, for either 1 or 7 days, to non-cytotoxic concentration ranges of valproic acid (VPA) or carbamazepine (CBZ), anti-epileptic drugs known to cause neurodevelopmental toxicity.
Gene Expression Regulation and Pathway Analysis After Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Exposure in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Assay.
Time
View SamplesLow R:FR signaling through phytochromes induces shade avoidance responses, including petiole elongation. Salicylic acid-mediated defense against pathogens is inhibited under these conditions.
Perception of low red:far-red ratio compromises both salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent pathogen defences in Arabidopsis.
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesPlants have evolved shoot elongation mechanisms to escape from diverse environmental stresses such as flooding and vegetative shade. The apparent similarity in growth responses suggests possible convergence of the signalling pathways. Shoot elongation is mediated by passive ethylene accumulating in flooded plant organs and by changes in light quality and quantity under vegetation shade. Here we study hypocotyl elongation as a proxy for shoot elongation and delineated Arabidopsis hypocotyl length kinetics in response to ethylene and shade. Based on these kinetics, we further investigated ethylene and shade-induced genome-wide gene expression changes in hypocotyls and cotyledons separately. Both treatments induced a more extensive transcriptome reconfiguration in the hypocotyls compared to the cotyledons. Bioinformatics analyses suggested contrasting regulation of growth promotion- and photosynthesis-related genes. These analyses also suggested an induction of auxin, brassinosteroid and gibberellin signatures and the involvement of several candidate regulators in the elongating hypocotyls. Pharmacological and mutant analyses confirmed the functional involvement of several of these candidate genes and physiological control points in regulating stress-escape responses to different environmental stimuli. We discuss how these signaling networks might be integrated and conclude that plants, when facing different stresses, utilise a conserved set of transcriptionally regulated genes to modulate and fine tune growth.
Ethylene- and Shade-Induced Hypocotyl Elongation Share Transcriptome Patterns and Functional Regulators.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesAbout 10% of Down syndrome (DS) infants are born with a myeloproliferative disorder (DS-TMD) that spontaneously resolves within the first few months of life. About 20-30% of these infants subsequently develop acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (DS-AMKL). In order to understand differences that may exist between fetal and bone marrow megakaryocyte progenitor cell populations we flow sorted megakaryocyte progenitor cells and performed microarray expression analysis.
Developmental differences in IFN signaling affect GATA1s-induced megakaryocyte hyperproliferation.
Specimen part
View SamplesAbout 10% of Down syndrome (DS) infants are born with a myeloproliferative disorder (DS-TMD) that spontaneously resolves within the first few months of life. About 20-30% of these infants subsequently develop acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (DS-AMKL). In order to understand differences that may exist between fetal and bone marrow megakaryocyte progenitor cell populations we flow sorted megakaryocyte progenitor cells and performed microarray expression analysis.
Developmental differences in IFN signaling affect GATA1s-induced megakaryocyte hyperproliferation.
Specimen part
View SamplesEvaluation of the role of RIP4 in lung adenocarcinoma revealed that RIP4 inhibits STAT3 signaling in vitro and in vivo. Repression of RIP4 enhanced STAT3 signaling activation in KRAS LSL/G12D/wt; p53flox/flox murine tumors. This promoted cancer dedifferentiation through ECM remodeling
RIP4 inhibits STAT3 signaling to sustain lung adenocarcinoma differentiation.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Inhibitors of the Histone Methyltransferases EZH2/1 Induce a Potent Antiviral State and Suppress Infection by Diverse Viral Pathogens.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Time
View SamplesEpigenetic regulation is based upon a network of complexes that modulate the chromatin character and structure of the genome to impact gene expression, cell fate, and development. Thus, epigenetic modulators represent novel therapeutic targets to treat a range of diseases including malignancies. Infectious pathogens such as herpesviruses are also regulated by cellular epigenetic machinery, and epigenetic therapeutics represent a novel approach to control infection, persistence, and the resulting recurrent disease. The histone methyltransferases EZH2 and EZH1 (EZH2/1) are epigenetic repressors that suppress gene transcription via propagation of repressive H3K27me3 enriched chromatin domains. However, while EZH2/1 are implicated in repression of herpesviral gene expression, inhibitors of these enzymes suppressed HSV primary infection in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these compounds blocked lytic viral replication following induction of HSV reactivation in latently infected sensory ganglia. Suppression correlated with the induction of multiple inflammatory, stress, and anti-pathogen pathways as well as enhanced recruitment of immune cells to in vivo infection sites. Importantly, EZH2/1 inhibitors induced a cellular antiviral state that also suppressed infection with DNA (hCMV, Adenovirus) and RNA (Zika virus) viruses. Thus, EZH2/1 inhibitors have considerable potential as general antivirals through activation of cellular antiviral and immune responses.
Inhibitors of the Histone Methyltransferases EZH2/1 Induce a Potent Antiviral State and Suppress Infection by Diverse Viral Pathogens.
Cell line, Treatment, Time
View SamplesGrowth in dense stands induces shade avoidance responses. Early responses to neighbors seem to be assoctaed with touch, not light signalling.
Plant neighbor detection through touching leaf tips precedes phytochrome signals.
Specimen part
View Samples