Gene-expression microarray datasets generated as part of the Immunological Genome Project (ImmGen). Primary cells from multiple immune lineages are isolated ex-vivo, primarily from young adult B6 male mice, and double-sorted to >99% purity. RNA is extracted from cells in a centralized manner, amplified and hybridized to Affymetrix 1.0 ST MuGene arrays. Protocols are rigorously standardized for all sorting and RNA preparation. Data is released monthly in batches of cell populations.
Transcriptomes of the B and T lineages compared by multiplatform microarray profiling.
Sex, Age
View Samplesthe molecular mechanisms for the biphasic effect of alcohol are not fully understood. The goal of the study is to identify genes that are differentially expressed following alcohol exposure of 50mM and 100mM ethanol for 24 hours.
Ethanol upregulates glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper expression and modulates cellular inflammatory responses in lung epithelial cells.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesPreviously, we reported that mice made transgenic for a picornaviral RdRP the 3Dpol protein of Theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) suppress infection by diverse viral families. How the picornaviral RdRP transgene exerted antiviral protection in vivo was not known. To investigate the molecular mechanism, we determined gene expression profiles in spinal cords of WT and RdRP transgenic mice prior to (baseline) and after (2 days) infection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV).
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Sex
View SamplesPreviously, we reported that mice made transgenic for a picornaviral RdRP the 3Dpol protein of Theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) suppress infection by diverse viruses. Using mouse genetic studies, we determined that uninfected RdRP transgenic mice inherently induce an arsenel of prominent antiviral effectors and that this phenotype is MDA5-, MAVS- and IFNR-dependent. To determine the mechanism underlying MDA5 activation and induction of constitutive antiviral signaling by the picornaviral RdRP, we constructed mutant RdRP transgenes. First, we introduced pervasive, coding-neutral point mutations into the RdRP cDNA to maximally disrupt primary and secondary RNA structure (RdRPrna). Another mutant, RdRPcat, lacks catalytic activity due to alanine substitution of the key catalytic center triad aspartate residues (D233, D328, and D329), but is otherwise intact at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. The WT, RdRPrna, and RdRPcat versions of the RdRP transgenes were transduced with lentiviral vectors into human THP-1 monocytes, with RdRP mRNA transcription controlled by the Spleen Focus Forming Virus (SFFV) promoter. In parallel a control cell line transduced with a vector lacking any RdRP transgene (null THP-1) was generated.
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Specimen part
View SamplesPreviously, we reported that mice made transgenic for a picornaviral RdRP the 3Dpol protein of Theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) suppress infection by diverse viruses. Using mouse genetic studies, we determined that uninfected RdRP transgenic mice inherently induce an arsenel of prominent antiviral effectors and that this phenotype is MDA5-, MAVS- and IFNR-dependent. To determine the mechanism underlying MDA5 activation and induction of constitutive antiviral signaling by the picornaviral RdRP, we constructed mutant RdRP transgenes. First, we introduced pervasive, coding-neutral point mutations into the RdRP cDNA to maximally disrupt primary and secondary RNA structure (RdRPrna). Another mutant, RdRPcat, lacks catalytic activity due to alanine substitution of the key catalytic center triad aspartate residues (D233, D328, and D329), but is otherwise intact at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. The WT, RdRPrna, and RdRPcat versions of the RdRP transgenes were transduced with lentiviral vectors into human THP-1 monocytes, with RdRP mRNA transcription controlled by the Spleen Focus Forming Virus (SFFV) promoter. In parallel a control cell line transduced with a vector lacking any RdRP transgene (null THP-1) was generated.
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Specimen part
View SamplesPreviously, we reported that mice made transgenic for a picornaviral RdRP the 3Dpol protein of Theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) suppress infection by diverse viruses. Using mouse genetic studies, we determined that uninfected RdRP transgenic mice inherently induce an arsenel of prominent antiviral effectors and that this phenotype is MDA5-, MAVS- and IFNR-dependent. To determine the mechanism underlying MDA5 activation and induction of constitutive antiviral signaling by the picornaviral RdRP, we constructed mutant RdRP transgenes. First, we introduced pervasive, coding-neutral point mutations into the RdRP cDNA to maximally disrupt primary and secondary RNA structure (RdRPrna). Another mutant, RdRPcat, lacks catalytic activity due to alanine substitution of the key catalytic center triad aspartate residues (D233, D328, and D329), but is otherwise intact at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. The WT, RdRPrna, and RdRPcat versions of the RdRP transgenes were transduced with lentiviral vectors into human THP-1 monocytes, with RdRP mRNA transcription controlled by the Spleen Focus Forming Virus (SFFV) promoter. In parallel a control cell line transduced with a vector lacking any RdRP transgene (null THP-1) was generated.
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Specimen part
View SamplesPreviously, we reported that mice made transgenic for a picornaviral RdRP the 3Dpol protein of Theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) suppress infection by diverse viral families. How the picornaviral RdRP transgene exerted antiviral protection in vivo was not known. To investigate the molecular mechanism, we determined gene expression profiles in spinal cords of WT and RdRP transgenic mice prior to (baseline) and after (2 days) infection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV).
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Sex
View SamplesPreviously, we reported that mice made transgenic for a picornaviral RdRP the 3Dpol protein of Theilers murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) suppress infection by diverse viral families. How the picornaviral RdRP transgene exerted antiviral protection in vivo was not known. To investigate the molecular mechanism, we determined gene expression profiles in spinal cords of WT and RdRP transgenic mice prior to (baseline) and after (2 days) infection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV).
Antiviral Protection via RdRP-Mediated Stable Activation of Innate Immunity.
Sex
View SamplesEstrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers that develop resistance to therapies that target the ER are the most common cause of breast cancer death. Beyond mutations in ER, which occur in 25-30% of patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), our understanding of clinical mechanisms of resistance to ER-directed therapies remains incomplete. We identified activating HER2 mutations in metastatic biopsies from eight patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer who had developed resistance to ER-directed agents, including AIs, tamoxifen, and fulvestrant. Examination of treatment-naïve primary tumors in five patients revealed no evidence of pre-existing mutations in four of five patients, suggesting that these mutations were acquired under the selective pressure of ER-directed therapy. These mutations were mutually exclusive with ER mutations, suggesting a distinct mechanism of acquired resistance to ER-directed therapies. In vitro analysis confirmed that these mutations conferred estrogen independence. In addition, and in contrast to ER mutations, these mutations resulted in resistance to tamoxifen, fulvestrant, and the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Resistance was overcome by combining ER-directed therapy with the irreversible HER2 kinase inhibitor neratinib, highlighting an effective treatment strategy in these patients. Overall design: Examination of the transcriptional output (mRNA) of the HER2 activating mutations compared with controls under various drugs. Specifically, we expressed the activating mutations S653C, L755S, V777L, and L869R in ER+/HER2- breast cancer cell line (T47D), and controls (GFP, wild-type HER2, kinase-dead HER2, and ESR1 Y537S). Cell were then treated with DMSO, 1µM fulvestrant, 1µM neratinib, 10µM palbociclib, 1µM fulvestrant + 1µM neratinib, or 1µM fulvestrant + 10µM palbociclib for 24 hours. All experimental conditions were done in 6 replicates, sequenced in 3 replicates
Acquired HER2 mutations in ER<sup>+</sup> metastatic breast cancer confer resistance to estrogen receptor-directed therapies.
No sample metadata fields
View Samples