Status Epilepticus (SE) is an abnormally prolonged seizure that results from either a failure of mechanisms that terminate seizures or from initiating mechanisms that inherently lead to prolonged seizures.
Induction of Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase After Status Epilepticus Modifies Hippocampal Gene Expression in Male Mice.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe examined the adherence-mediated signaling of meningococci to human cells by comparing gene expression profiles of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) infected by piliated and adherent wild-type (WT), frpC/frpA-deficient mutant, or the non-adherent (pilD) N. meningitidis MC58 bacteria defective in production of the type IV pilus, respectively. Surprisingly, no significant difference was found between the transcriptomes of HUVECs infected by bacteria producing, or not the RTX FrpC and FrpA proteins, thus failing to provide any hints on their biological activity. In contrast, pili-mediated adhesion of meningococci resulted in alterations of expression levels of human genes known to regulate apoptosis, cell proliferation, inflammatory response or adhesion. In particular, genes for signaling pathway proteins involved in early embryonic development, such as transforming growth factor- (TGF-)/Smad, Wnt/-catenin, and Notch/Jagged were found to be upregulated upon adhesion of N. meningitidis together with genes for a number of transcription factors. This reveals that adhering piliated meningocci manipulate signaling pathways controlling human cell proliferation, survival and defense mechanisms, while establishing a commensal relationship with the host.
Meningococcal adhesion suppresses proapoptotic gene expression and promotes expression of genes supporting early embryonic and cytoprotective signaling of human endothelial cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesHepatic lipid accumulation is an important complication of obesity linked to risk for type 2 diabetes. To identify novel transcriptional changes in human liver which could contribute to hepatic lipid accumulation and associated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (DM2), we evaluated gene expression and gene set enrichment in surgical liver biopsies from 13 obese (9 with DM2) and 5 control subjects, obtained in the fasting state at the time of elective abdominal surgery for obesity or cholecystectomy. RNA was isolated for cRNA preparation and hybridized to Affymetrix U133A microarrays.
Thyroid hormone-related regulation of gene expression in human fatty liver.
Sex, Age
View SamplesPsoriasin (S100A7) has been shown to be highly expressed in invasive estrogen receptor negative breast cancers. Expression of S100A7 in human breast tumors represents a poor prognostic marker and correlates with lymphocyte infiltration in high-grade morphology. Recent studies have shown that S100A7 downregulation in ER- cells lines inhibits tumor growth in in vivo mouse model systems. However, not much is known about its mechanisms in regulating breast cancers.
S100A7 enhances mammary tumorigenesis through upregulation of inflammatory pathways.
Cell line
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
IFN priming is necessary but not sufficient to turn on a migratory dendritic cell program in lupus monocytes.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Treatment, Subject, Time
View SamplesWe screened SLE monocytes from 19 SLE patients and selected 4 that induced CD4+ T cell proliferation in vitro and 4 that did not. CFSE labeled CD4-T cells (105) were incubated with SLE monocytes (2 x 104). Cells were harvested at 6 hours for RNA extraction.
IFN priming is necessary but not sufficient to turn on a migratory dendritic cell program in lupus monocytes.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Treatment, Subject, Time
View SamplesTo explore the full extent of IFN-regulated transcriptional changes, we exposed monocytes from two healthy donors to recombinant type I IFN (IFN-2b) in vitro. RNA was extracted at different incubation times (1, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hrs) and the expression data was normalized to that of monocytes cultured with medium.
IFN priming is necessary but not sufficient to turn on a migratory dendritic cell program in lupus monocytes.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Treatment, Time
View SamplesTo directly compare the SLE monocyte transcriptional program with that of blood mDC precursors, we purified lineage HLA-DRhighCD11chigh mDCs and CD14+ monocytes from the blood of five healthy donors. Their gene expression profiles were then compared to those of blood SLE monocytes. An unsupervised clustering analysis of transcripts present in >20% of the samples classified healthy monocytes, SLE monocytes and healthy mDCs into three well defined groups. A supervised analysis was then performed to find genes: 1) differentially expressed in healthy mDCs compared to monocytes; 2) shared by healthy blood mDCs and SLE blood monocytes.
IFN priming is necessary but not sufficient to turn on a migratory dendritic cell program in lupus monocytes.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesTo better characterize the molecules that could potentially confer antigen presenting capacity to SLE monocytes, we assessed their gene expression profile.
IFN priming is necessary but not sufficient to turn on a migratory dendritic cell program in lupus monocytes.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesMycobacteria-induced apoptosis of macrophages plays an important role in modulation of the host immune response involving TNF-alpha as major cytokine. The underlying mechanisms are still ill-defined. Here, we show for the first time that methylglyoxal (MG) and AGEs levels were elevated during mycobacterial infection of macrophages and that their increased levels mediated mycobacteria-induced apoptotic and immune response of macrophages. Moreover, we show that high levels of AGEs were formed at the sites of pulmonary tuberculosis. This observation represents the first evidence of the potential involvement of AGEs in tuberculosis and in infectious diseases in general. Global gene expression profiling of MG-treated macrophages reveals diversified potential roles of MG in cellular processes, including apoptosis, immune response, and growth regulation. The results of this study provide new insights into intervention strategies to develop therapeutic tools against infectious diseases in which MG and AGE production plays critical roles.
Critical role of methylglyoxal and AGE in mycobacteria-induced macrophage apoptosis and activation.
No sample metadata fields
View Samples