The microarray analysis was designed to test the effects of HES5.3 siRNAs, Atoh7 siRNAs and nt siRNAs on gene expression in embryonic chick retina.
A positive feedback loop between ATOH7 and a Notch effector regulates cell-cycle progression and neurogenesis in the retina.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesWe ovexpressed human alpha synuclein alone or together with Nurr1 in mouse primary midbrain cultures and identified the full spectrum of genes whose expression is affected by alpha synuclein, including genes whose expression is normalized after Nurr1 overexpression. Moreover we treated mouse primary midbrain cultures with Bexarotene or short hairpin RNA fro Nurr1, sorted out the dopamine neurons and assessed the effects of Bexarotene and of the Nurr1 downregulation on gene expression. Overall design: Comparison of 3 Synuclein samples to 5 controls (RFP), Comparison of 3 Synuclein + Nurr1 samples to 5 controls (RFP), Comparison of 3 Bexarotene samples to 3 controls (DMSO), comparison of 1 short hairpin against Nurr1 to 1 control (scrambled).
Nurr1 and Retinoid X Receptor Ligands Stimulate Ret Signaling in Dopamine Neurons and Can Alleviate α-Synuclein Disrupted Gene Expression.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesAging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) leads to several functional changes, including alterations affecting self-renewal and differentiation. While it is well established that many of the age-induced changes are intrinsic to HSCs, less is known about the stability of this state. Here, we entertained the hypothesis that HSC aging is driven by the acquisition of permanent genetic mutations. To examine this issue at a functional level in vivo, we applied induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell reprogramming of aged hematopoietic progenitors and allowed the resulting aged-derived iPS cells to reform hematopoiesis via blastocyst complementation. Next, we functionally characterized iPS-derived HSCs in primary chimeras and following the transplantation of 're-differentiated' HSCs into new hosts; the gold standard to assess HSC function. Our data demonstrate remarkably similar functional properties of iPS-derived and endogenous blastocyst-derived HSCs, despite the extensive chronological and proliferative age of the former. Our results therefore favor a model in which an underlying, but reversible, epigenetic component is a hallmark of HSC aging rather than being driven by an increased DNA mutation burden.
An epigenetic component of hematopoietic stem cell aging amenable to reprogramming into a young state.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo investigate genes possibly regulated by TTF-1 in small cell lung cancer cell lines, we compared gene expression profiles of NCI-H209 and Lu139 cell lines electroporated with control and TTF-1 siRNAs.
An integrative transcriptome analysis reveals a functional role for thyroid transcription factor-1 in small cell lung cancer.
Cell line
View SamplesMolecular profiling of 159 lung cancers of different histological subtypes. A primary objective is to identify gene expression differences between histological subtypes. Sample overlap exist with GSE60644
Gene Expression Profiling of Large Cell Lung Cancer Links Transcriptional Phenotypes to the New Histological WHO 2015 Classification.
Sex, Age
View SamplesTo investigate the roles of TAZ in lung cancer cell proliferation, we compared the expression profiles of A549 and H441 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines transfected with control siRNA and siTAZ.
An integrative analysis of the tumorigenic role of TAZ in human non-small cell lung cancer.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesOBF1, also known as Bob.1 or OCA-B, is a B lymphocyte-specific transcription factor which coactivates Oct1 and Oct2 on B cell specific promoters. So far, the function of OBF1 has been mainly identified in late stage B cell populations. The central defect of OBF1 deficient mice is a severely reduced immune response to T cell-dependent antigens and a lack of germinal center formation in the spleen. Relatively little is known about a potential function of OBF1 in developing B cells. Here we have generated transgenic mice overexpressing OBF1 in B cells under the control of the immunoglobulin heavy chain promoter and enhancer. Surprisingly, these mice have greatly reduced numbers of follicular B cells in the periphery and have a compromised immune response. Furthermore, B cell differentiation is impaired at an early stage in the bone marrow. A first block is observed during B cell commitment and a second differentiation block is seen at the large preB2 cell stage. The cells that succeed to escape the block and to differentiate into mature B cells have post-translationally downregulated the expression of transgene, indicating that expression of OBF1 beyond the normal level early in B cell development is deleterious. Indeed ID3, which is a negative regulator of B cell differentiation, is upregulated in the EPLM and preB cells of the transgenic mice. Furthermore ID3 promoter contains an octamer site suggesting that it is a potential OBF-1 direct target gene. These results provide evidence that OBF1 expression has to be tightly regulated in early B cells to allow efficient B lymphocyte differentiation.
Enforced expression of the transcriptional coactivator OBF1 impairs B cell differentiation at the earliest stage of development.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe chromatin regulator Aiolos and the transcriptional coactivator OBF-1 have been implicated in regulating aspects of B cell maturation and activation. Mice lacking either of these factors have a largely normal early B cell development. However, when both factors are eliminated simultaneously a block is uncovered at the transition between pre-B and immature B cells, indicating that these proteins exert a critical function in developing B lymphocytes. In mice deficient for Aiolos and OBF-1, the numbers of immature B cells are reduced, small pre-BII cells are increased and a significant impairment in immunoglobulin light chain DNA rearrangement is observed. We identified genes whose expression is deregulated in the pre-B cell compartment of these mice. In particular, we found that components of the pre-BCR, such as the surrogate light chain genes l5l5 and VpreB, fail to be efficiently silenced in double-mutant mice. Strikingly, developmentally regulated nuclear repositioning of the l5l5 gene is impaired in pre-B cells lacking OBF-1 and Aiolos. These studies uncover a novel role for OBF-1 and Aiolos in controlling the transcription and nuclear organization of genes involved in pre-BCR function.
Silencing and nuclear repositioning of the lambda5 gene locus at the pre-B cell stage requires Aiolos and OBF-1.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Cytomegalovirus infection drives adaptive epigenetic diversification of NK cells with altered signaling and effector function.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThe mechanisms underlying human natural killer (NK) cell phenotypic and functional heterogeneity are unknown. Here, we have described the emergence of diverse subsets of human NK cells selectively lacking expression of signaling proteins following cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The absence of B and myeloid cell-related signaling protein expression in these NK cell subsets correlated with promoter DNA hypermethylation. Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns were strikingly similar between CMV-associated adaptive NK cells and cytotoxic effector T cells, but differed from those of canonical NK cells. Functional interrogation demonstrated altered cytokine responsiveness in adaptive NK cells that was linked to reduced expression of the transcription factor PLZF. Furthermore, subsets of adaptive NK cells demonstrated significantly reduced functional responses to activated autologous T cells. The present results uncover a spectrum of epigenetically unique adaptive NK cell subsets that diversify in response to viral infection and have distinct functional capabilities compared to canonical NK cell subsets.
Cytomegalovirus infection drives adaptive epigenetic diversification of NK cells with altered signaling and effector function.
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples