In this study we analyzed the effect of overexpression of an HA-tagged version of the ERF RAP2.12 on the transcriptome levels in aerobic and hypoxic-treated (O2 21% and 1%, respectively) Arabidopsis thaliana rosettes.
Oxygen sensing in plants is mediated by an N-end rule pathway for protein destabilization.
Treatment
View SamplesThis study analyzes transcriptomic data of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 and overexpression lines of Hypoxia Response Attenuator (HRA1; At3g10040) with Col-0 background (OE-HRA1). Two independent transgenic lines of OE-HRA1 were considered as biological replicates (OE-HRA1#1 and OE-HRA1#2). Seven-day-old seedlings were treated either with or without hypoxia (low oxygen) stress for 2 hours. This dataset includes CEL files, RMA signal values and MAS5 P/M/A calls from total mRNA populations. Quantitative profiling of cellular mRNAs was accomplished with the Affymetrix ATH1 platform.
A trihelix DNA binding protein counterbalances hypoxia-responsive transcriptional activation in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part, Treatment
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Plant cysteine oxidases control the oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end-rule pathway.
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThe effect of the overexpression of Plant Cysteine Oxidase (PDCO1) on the transcriptome of Arabidopsis resettes was investigated with plants subjected to a 4h hypoxia (5% O2 v/v in air). For this purpose, 4-week old rosette of wild-type and 35S:FLAG:CDO1 plants were compared. Samples were composed of pools of 5 plants.
Plant cysteine oxidases control the oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end-rule pathway.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe effect of the overexpression of Plant Cysteine Oxidase (PCO1) on the transcriptome of Arabidopsis resettes was investigated. For this purpose, 4-week old rosette of wild-type and 35S:FLAG:CDO1 plants were compared. Samples were composed of a pool of 5 plants.
Plant cysteine oxidases control the oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end-rule pathway.
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesFloodings already have a nearly 60% share in the worldwide damage to crops provoked by natural disasters. Climate change will cause plants to be even more frequently exposed to oxygen limiting conditions (hypoxia) in the near future due to heavy precipitation and concomitant waterlogging or flooding events in large areas of the world. Although the homeostatic regulation of adaptive responses to low oxygen stress in plants is well described, it remained unknown by which initial trigger the molecular response to low-oxygen stress is activated. Here, we show that a hypoxia-induced decline of the ATP level of the cell reduces LONG-CHAIN ACYL-COA SYNTHETASE (LACS) activity, which leads to a shift in the composition of the acyl-CoA pool. High oleoyl-CoA levels release the transcription factor RELATED TO APETALA 2.12 (RAP2.12) from its interaction partner ACYL-COA BINDING PROTEIN (ACBP) at the plasma membrane to induce low oxygen-specific gene expression. We show that different acyl-CoAs provoke unique molecular responses revealing a novel role as cellular signalling component also in plants. In terms of hypoxia signalling, dynamic acyl-CoA levels integrate the cellular energy status into the oxygen signalling cascade with ACBP and RAP2.12 being the central hub. The conserved nature of the ACBP:RAP2.12 module in crops and the novel mechanistic understanding of how low-oxygen stress responses are initiated by oleoyl-CoA in plants provide useful leads for enhancing future food security. Overall design: 1 control and 3 treatments with different forms of acyl-CoA in triplicate biological replicates
Low-oxygen response is triggered by an ATP-dependent shift in oleoyl-CoA in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesNCoR and SMRT are two paralogous vertebrate proteins that function as corepressors with unliganded nuclear receptors. Although C. elegans has a large number of nuclear receptors, orthologues of the corepressors NCoR and SMRT have not unambiguously been identified in Drosophila or C. elegans. Here, we identify GEI-8 as the closest homologue of NCoR and SMRT in C. elegans and demonstrate that GEI-8 is expressed as at least two isoforms throughout development in multiple tissues, including neurons, muscle and intestinal cells. We demonstrate that a homozygous deletion within the gei-8 coding region, which is predicted to encode a truncated protein lacking the predicted NR domain, results in severe mutant phenotypes with developmental defects, slow movement and growth, arrested gonadogenesis and defects in cholinergic neurotransmission. Whole genome expression analysis by microarrays identified sets of de-regulated genes consistent with both the observed mutant phenotypes and a role of GEI-8 in regulating transcription. Interestingly, the upregulated transcripts included a predicted mitochondrial sulfide:quinine reductase encoded by Y9C9A.16. This locus also contains non-coding, 21-U RNAs of the piRNA. Inhibition of the expression of the region coding for 21-U RNAs leads to irregular gonadogenesis in the homozygous gei-8 mutants, but not in an otherwise wild-type background, suggesting that GEI-8 may function in concert with the 21-U RNAs to regulate gonadogenesis. Our results confirm that GEI-8 is the orthologue of the vertebrate NCoR/SMRT corepressors and demonstrate important roles for this putative transcriptional corepressor in development and neuronal function.
GEI-8, a homologue of vertebrate nuclear receptor corepressor NCoR/SMRT, regulates gonad development and neuronal functions in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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View SamplesNHR-23, a conserved member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, is required for normal development in C. elegans where it plays a critical role in growth and molting. In a search for NHR-23 dependent genes, we performed whole genome comparative expression microarrays on both control and nhr-23 inhibited synchronized larvae. Genes that decreased in response to nhr-23 RNAi included several collagen genes. Unexpectedly, several hedgehog-related genes were also down-regulated after nhr-23 RNAi. A homozygous nhr-23 deletion allele was used to confirm the RNAi knockdown phenotypes and the changes in gene expression. Our results indicate that NHR-23 is a critical coregulator of functionally linked genes involved in growth and molting and reveal evolutionary parallels among the ecdysozoa.
NHR-23 dependent collagen and hedgehog-related genes required for molting.
Specimen part
View SamplesGene expression was measured from the dentate gyrus and entorhinal cortex harvested from human postmortem samples.
Molecular mechanism for age-related memory loss: the histone-binding protein RbAp48.
Age, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesPolycomb group (PcG) proteins play a pivotal role in silencing developmental genes and help to maintain various stem and precursor cells and regulate their differentiation. PcG factors also regulate dynamic and complex regional specification, particularly in mammals, but this activity is mechanistically not well understood. In this study, we focused on proximal-distal (PD) patterning of the mouse forelimb bud to elucidate how PcG factors contribute to a regional specification process that depends on developmental signals. Depletion of the RING1 proteins RING1A (RING1) and RING1B (RNF2), which are essential components of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), led to severe defects in forelimb formation along the PD axis. We show that preferential defects in early distal specification in Ring1A/B-deficient forelimb buds accompany failures in the repression of proximal signal circuitry bound by RING1B, including Meis1/2, and the activation of distal signal circuitry in the prospective distal region. Additional deletion of Meis2 induced partial restoration of the distal gene expression and limb formation seen in the Ring1A/B-deficient mice, suggesting a crucial role for RING1-dependent repression of Meis2 and likely also Meis1 for distal specification. We suggest that the RING1-MEIS1/2 axis is regulated by early PD signals and contributes to the initiation or maintenance of the distal signal circuitry.
RING1 proteins contribute to early proximal-distal specification of the forelimb bud by restricting Meis2 expression.
Specimen part
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