Tumour hypoxia exhibits a highly dynamic spatial and temporal distribution and is associated with increased malignancy and poor prognosis.
Two phases of disulfide bond formation have differing requirements for oxygen.
Treatment
View SamplesTumour hypoxia exhibits a highly dynamic spatial and temporal distribution and is associated with increased malignancy and poor prognosis. Assessment of time-dependent gene-expression changes in response to hypoxia may thus provide additional biological insights and help with patient prognosis.
The prognostic value of temporal in vitro and in vivo derived hypoxia gene-expression signatures in breast cancer.
Treatment
View SamplesBackground: Substantial progress has been made in the identification of sequence elements that control mRNA splicing and the genetic variants in these elements that alter mRNA splicing (referred to as splicing quantitative trait loci -- sQTLs). Genetic variants that affect mRNA splicing in trans are harder to identify because their effects can be more subtle and diffuse, and the variants are not co-located with their targets. We carried out a transcriptome-wide analysis of the effects of a mutation in a ubiquitous splicing factor that causes retinitis pigmentosa (RP) on mRNA splicing, using exon microarrays.
A mutation in a splicing factor that causes retinitis pigmentosa has a transcriptome-wide effect on mRNA splicing.
Specimen part
View SamplesIdentifying the genes underlying quantitative trait loci (QTL) for disease has proven difficult, mainly due to the low resolution of the approach and the complex genetics involved. However, recent advances in bioinformatics and the availability of genetic resources now make it possible to narrow the genetic intervals and test candidate genes. In addition to identifying the causative genes, defining the pathways that are affected by these QTL is of major importance as it can give us insight into the disease process and provide evidence to support candidate genes. In this study we mapped three significant and one suggestive QTL on Chromosomes (Chrs) 1, 4, 15, and 17, respectively, for increased albumin excretion (measured as albumin-to-creatinine ratio) in a cross between the MRL/MpJ and SM/J mouse inbred strains. By combining data from several sources and by utilizing gene expression data, we identified Tlr12 as a likely candidate for the Chr 4 QTL. Through the mapping of 33,881 transcripts measured by microarray on kidney RNA from each of the 173 male F2 animals, we identified several downstream pathways associated with these QTL. Among these were the glycan degradation, leukocyte migration, and antigen presenting pathways. We demonstrate that by combining data from multiple sources, we can identify not only genes that are likely to be causal candidates for QTL, but also the pathways through which these genes act to alter phenotypes. This combined approach provides valuable insights into the causes and consequences of renal disease.
Uncovering genes and regulatory pathways related to urinary albumin excretion.
Sex, Age
View SamplesTo investigate the role of p53 and DICER in the induction of ER stress, wildtype, p53 knockout or DICER mutant HCT116 colon cancer cells were treated with the ER stress inducers tunicamycin or brefeldin A for 24 hours.
A close connection between the PERK and IRE arms of the UPR and the transcriptional regulation of autophagy.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesBulk RNA-seq to profile of c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells, comparing the transcriptomes of Pim-1 enhanced cardiac progenitor cells and transfection control Overall design: Transcriptional profiling of Pim-1 enhanced human derived cardiac interstitial cells by bulk RNA-Seq
Safety profiling of genetically engineered Pim-1 kinase overexpression for oncogenicity risk in human c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesNearly all colorectal cancers have dysregulated Wnt signalling, predominantly through the mutation of the Apc (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) gene. Therefore it is of vital importance to elucidate the key Wnt target genes in intestinal cells in vivo. We have used a novel inducible cre-lox based murine system (designated ApcFlox) to investigate the consequences of perturbation of Wnt signalling following inactivation of Apc in vivo within 100% of the intestinal epithelium. We have employed microarray analysis at 3 time points within our ApcFlox system (Day 3 prior to the onset of phenotype, day 4 the establishment of the phenotype and day 5 gross phenotype of altered proliferation, differentiation and migration) and from adenomas arising in the ApcMin/+ background allowing us characterise Wnt/beta-catenin target genes based on their expression profiles during different stages of intestinal tumourigenesis. Furthermore, we have employed microarray analysis using livers from our ApcFlox system and have demonstrated that there is very little overlap in the Wnt target genes induced by Apc loss in the liver and the intestine. More importantly, we have been able to determine a novel set of putative Wnt/beta-catenin target genes which are upregulated at both early and late stages of tumourigenesis in the intestine and may represent novel therapeutic targets in colon cancer.
Hunk/Mak-v is a negative regulator of intestinal cell proliferation.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe intermediate filament protein Nestin serves as a biomarker for stem cells and has been used to identify subsets of cancer stem-like cells. However, the mechanistic contributions of Nestin to cancer pathogenesis are not understood. Here we report that Nestin binds the hedgehog pathway transcription factor Gli3 to mediate the development of medulloblastomas of the hedgehog subtype. In a mouse model system, Nestin levels increased progressively during medulloblastoma formation resulting in enhanced tumor growth. Conversely, loss of Nestin dramatically inhibited proliferation and promoted differentiation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the tumor-promoting effects of Nestin were mediated by binding to Gli3, a zinc finger transcription factor that negatively regulates hedgehog signaling. Nestin binding to Gli3 blocked Gli3 phosphorylation and its subsequent proteolytic processing, thereby abrogating its ability to negatively regulate the hedgehog pathway. Our findings show how Nestin drives hedgehog pathway-driven cancers and uncover in Gli3 a therapeutic target to treat these malignancies.
Nestin Mediates Hedgehog Pathway Tumorigenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Identification of TDRD1 as a direct target gene of ERG in primary prostate cancer.
Cell line
View SamplesERG overexpression is the most frequent molecular alteration in prostate cancer. We analyzed different stages of prostate cancer to identify genes that were coexpressed with ERG overexpression. In primary prostate tumors, it was shown that TDRD1 expression was the strongest correlated gene with ERG overexpression and we suggest TDRD1 as a direct ERG target gene.
Identification of TDRD1 as a direct target gene of ERG in primary prostate cancer.
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