Non-coding RNAs regulate many biological processes including neurogenesis. The brain-enriched miR-124 is assigned as a key player of neuronal differentiation via its complex, but little understood, regulation of thousands of annotated targets. To systematically chart its regulatory functions, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to disrupt all six miR-124 alleles in human stem cells. Upon neuronal induction, miR-124-depleted cells underwent neurogenesis and became functional neurons, albeit with altered morphology and neurotransmitter specification. By RNA-induced-silencing-complex precipitation, we found that other miRNA species were upregulated in miR-124 depleted neurons. Furthermore, we identified 98 miR-124 targets of which some directly led to decreased viability. We performed advanced transcription-factor-network analysis and revealed indirect miR-124 effects on apoptosis and neuronal subtype differentiation. Our data emphasizes the need for combined experimental- and systems-level analyses to comprehensively disentangle and reveal miRNA functions, including their involvement in the neurogenesis of diverse neuronal cell types found in the human brain. Overall design: RNA profile for timecourse of neuronal Neurogenin-1 and 2-triggered differentiation from human iPSCs (wildtype and ?miR-124).
Combined Experimental and System-Level Analyses Reveal the Complex Regulatory Network of miR-124 during Human Neurogenesis.
Subject
View SamplesNon-coding RNAs regulate many biological processes including neurogenesis. The brain-enriched miR-124 is assigned as a key player of neuronal differentiation via its complex, but little understood, regulation of thousands of annotated targets. To systematically chart its regulatory functions, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to disrupt all six miR-124 alleles in human stem cells. Upon neuronal induction, miR-124-depleted cells underwent neurogenesis and became functional neurons, albeit with altered morphology and neurotransmitter specification. By RNA-induced-silencing-complex precipitation, we found that other miRNA species were upregulated in miR-124 depleted neurons. Furthermore, we identified 98 miR-124 targets of which some directly led to decreased viability. We performed advanced transcription-factor-network analysis and revealed indirect miR-124 effects on apoptosis and neuronal subtype differentiation. Our data emphasizes the need for combined experimental- and systems-level analyses to comprehensively disentangle and reveal miRNA functions, including their involvement in the neurogenesis of diverse neuronal cell types found in the human brain. Overall design: RNA interacting protein immunoprecipitation with AGO2 for miR-124 target enrichment from neuronal Neurogenin-1 and 2-triggered differentiation from human iPSCs (wildtype and ?miR-124) and subsequent sequencing.
Combined Experimental and System-Level Analyses Reveal the Complex Regulatory Network of miR-124 during Human Neurogenesis.
Subject
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Polycomb repressive complex 2 is required for MLL-AF9 leukemia.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Telomerase regulates MYC-driven oncogenesis independent of its reverse transcriptase activity.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWe evaluated gene expression changes in murine leukemia caused by retroviral overexpression of MLL-AF9. We compared wild-type (WT) leukemia cells with mutant leukemia cells after cre-mediated inactivation of homozygous conditional alleles for Ezh2 or Eed, both of which are components of the Polycomb Repressive Complex2.
Polycomb repressive complex 2 is required for MLL-AF9 leukemia.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesWe evaluated gene expression changes in secondary recipient murine leukemia caused by retroviral overexpression of MLL-AF9. We compared wild-type (WT) leukemia cells with mutant leukemia cells after cre-mediated inactivation of a homozygous conditional allele for Ezh2, a component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex2.
Polycomb repressive complex 2 is required for MLL-AF9 leukemia.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesConstitutively active MYC and reactivated telomerase often co-exist in cancers. While the reactivation of telomerase is thought to be essential for replicative immortality, MYC, in conjunction with co-factors, confers several growth advantages to cancer cells. However, it is unclear which co-factors sustain elevated MYC activity in tumors . Here, we identify TERT, the catalytic subunit of telomerase, as a novel regulator of MYC stability in cancers. Binding of TERT to MYC stabilizes its levels on chromatin, contributing to either activation or repression of its target genes. Mechanistically, TERT regulates MYC ubiquitination and stability, and this effect of TERT is independent of its role on telomeres. Genetic inhibition and knocking out of TERT phenocopied the loss of MYC, resulting in reduced disease burden of early- and late-stage MYC-driven murine lymphomas. Conversly, the ectopic expression of TERT could substitute for reduced MYC in these functions. Finally we show that TERT null mice, unlike Terc null mice, show delayed onset of MYC induced lymphomagenesis. Accordingly, inhibiting TERT function in primary human leukemia cells blocked the expression of MYC targets, while Terc depletion had no effects . Based on our data, we conclude that the re-expression of TERT, a direct MYC target in tumors, provides a feed-forward mechanism to potentiate MYC-dependent oncogenesis.
Telomerase regulates MYC-driven oncogenesis independent of its reverse transcriptase activity.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis is the first study deciphering the global regulatory network that drives human somatic cells during epigenetic rewiring towards the pluripotent state. Overall design: Examination of the Transcriptomic profiles of cells undergoing reprogramming.
RNAi Reveals Phase-Specific Global Regulators of Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesUsing microarrays, genome-wide RNA expression was profiled and compared for in vitro fertilization (IVF) - derived blastocysts and embryos undergoing degenerative development up to the same time point. Surprisingly similar transcriptomic profiles were found in degenerative embryos and blastocysts. Nonetheless, we identified 67 transcripts that significantly differed between these two groups of embryos at a 15% false discovery rate, including 33 transcripts showing at least a two-fold difference. Several signaling and metabolic pathways were found to be associated with the developmental status of embryos, among which were previously known important steroid biosynthesis and cell communication pathways in early embryonic development.
Transcriptomic profiling of bovine IVF embryos revealed candidate genes and pathways involved in early embryonic development.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe performed a 3' RACE of a novel HIV RNA TAR-gag in order to determine the sequence of the RNA at the 3' end. Our data had shown that TAR-gag was potentially a noncoding RNA and our hypothesis was that TAR-gag ended somewhere prior to the end of the gag region of the HIV genome. The 3' RACE experiment showed that TAR-gag actually consists of four different RNA clusters, the longest of which ends at 615 bases from the transcription start site; this is in the middle of the p17 region of the gag gene. In addition, we sequenced all host RNAs in the EVs. Overall design: RNA from J1.1 and U1 exosomes was isolated and converted to cDNA. Sequencing libraries of the cDNA were made and a 3' RACE was perforemed to determine how long TAR-gag RNA is. Please note that the clustering analysis (published in PMID 28536264) was done only on the unfragmented samples (i.e. *-U samples).
An Omics Approach to Extracellular Vesicles from HIV-1 Infected Cells.
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples