We previously identified TLR-independent expression of 4933430F08Rik, encoding Batf2, in T. cruzi-infected bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) (Kayama et al., 2009). To determine the functions of Batf2 in innate immune responses, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis in wild-type and Batf2-/- bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMf). RNA-seq analysis showed that 98 genes are upregulated in Batf2-/- BMMf stimulated with LPS following IFN-? treatment, when compared with that in wild-type cells. Among these genes, we focused on Il23a, encoding IL-23p19, because IL-23 is able to promote expression of Il17a in Th17 cells. Overall design: mRNA of wild-type and Batf2-/- BMMf were subjected to deep sequencing profiling using Illumina HiSeq 2000.
BATF2 inhibits immunopathological Th17 responses by suppressing <i>Il23a</i> expression during <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> infection.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject, Time
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Quantitative trait loci affecting atherosclerosis at the aortic root identified in an intercross between DBA2J and 129S6 apolipoprotein E-null mice.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesStrain differences influence susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein E-null mice on a DBA/2J genetic background (DBA-apoE) and C57BL/6 (B6-apoe) are highly susceptible to atherosclerosis in the aortic root area compared with those on a 129S6/SvEvTac background (129-apoE).
Quantitative trait loci affecting atherosclerosis at the aortic root identified in an intercross between DBA2J and 129S6 apolipoprotein E-null mice.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesStrain differences influence susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein E-null mice on a DBA/2J genetic background (DBA-apoE) are highly susceptible to atherosclerosis in the aortic root area compared with those on a 129S6/SvEvTac background (129-apoE).
Quantitative trait loci affecting atherosclerosis at the aortic root identified in an intercross between DBA2J and 129S6 apolipoprotein E-null mice.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesStrain differences influence susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein E-null mice on a C57BL/6 genetic background (B6-apoE) are highly susceptible to atherosclerosis in the aortic root area compared with those on a 129S6/SvEvTac background (129-apoE).
Quantitative trait loci affecting atherosclerosis at the aortic root identified in an intercross between DBA2J and 129S6 apolipoprotein E-null mice.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesTumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anti-cancer protein that can specifically kill tumor cells while sparing healthy ones. Emerging evidences suggest that TRAIL resistance in cancers is associated with aberrant expression of the key components of the apoptotic program. However, how these components are regulated at the epigenetic level is not understood. In this study, we aimed to identify novel epigenetic mechanisms regulating TRAIL response in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) by a short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) screen. We employed an shRNA-mediated loss of function approach to interrogate the role of 48 genes in DNA and histone modification pathways. From this we identified KDM2B, an H3K36-specific demethylase, as a novel regulator of TRAIL response. Accordingly, silencing of KDM2B significantly enhanced TRAIL sensitivity, the activation of Caspase-8, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, and cleavage of PARP. KDM2B knockdown also accelerated the apoptosis process, as revealed by live cell imaging experiments. Moreover, simultaneous knockdown of the methyltransferases responsible for generating the histone marks removed by KDM2B significantly recovered the cell death phenotype observed with KDM2B inhibition. To decipher the downstream molecular pathways regulated by KDM2B, levels of apoptosis-related genes were examined by RNA-sequencing and quantitative PCR upon KDM2B loss, which revealed de-repression of pro-apoptotic genes HRK, caspase-7, and DR4 and repression of anti-apoptotic gene Mcl-1. The apoptosis phenotype was dependent on HRK upregulation, as HRK knockdown significantly abrogated the sensitization. In vivo, KDM2B-silenced tumors exhibited slower growth and reduced angiogenic capacity compared to controls. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel mechanism regulating apoptotic response, where the key apoptosis components are under epigenetic control of KDM2B in GBM cells. Overall design: mRNA profiles of U87MG GBM cells transduced either by control shRNA or shRNA targeting KDM2B were generated by RNA-seq (Illumina HiSeq 2500). 2 biological replicates of shControl and shKDM2B total RNAs were barcoded individually and deep sequenced as 3 technical replicates each in 3 lanes.
KDM2B, an H3K36-specific demethylase, regulates apoptotic response of GBM cells to TRAIL.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesTo identify a novel target for the treatment of heart failure, we examined gene expression in the failing heart. Among the genes analyzed, 12/15 lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) was markedly up-regulated in heart failure. To determine whether increased expression of 12/15-LOX causes heart failure, we established transgenic mice that overexpressed 12/15-LOX in cardiomyocytes. Echocardiography showed that 12/15-LOX transgenic mice developed systolic dysfunction. Cardiac fibrosis increased in 12/15-LOX transgenic mice with advancing age, and was associated with the infiltration of macrophages. Consistent with these observations, cardiac expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (Mcp-1) was up-regulated in 12/15-LOX transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice. Treatment with 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenotic acid, a major metabolite of 12/15-LOX, increased MCP-1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts and endothelial cells, but not in cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of Mcp-1 reduced the infiltration of macrophages into the myocardium and prevented both systolic dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis in 12/15-LOX transgenic mice. Likewise, disruption of 12/15-LOX significantly reduced cardiac Mcp-1 expression and macrophage infiltration, thereby improving systolic dysfunction induced by chronic pressure overload. Our results suggest that cardiac 12/15-LOX is involved in the development of heart failure and that inhibition of 12/15-LOX could be a novel treatment for this condition.
Cardiac 12/15 lipoxygenase-induced inflammation is involved in heart failure.
Sex, Age
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Heme ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis through providing intestinal macrophages with noninflammatory profiles.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesIn murine large intestinal lamina propria, CX3CR1high resident Mfs possess anti-inflammatory properties and thereby support intestinal homeostasis. Unlike other tissue-resident Ms, transcription factors that regulate differentiation and function of CX3CR1high Ms in the large intestine are poorly understood. Thus, to identify transcription factors specifically expressed in CX3CR1high Ms among large intestinal lamina propria innate myeloid cells, we comprehensively analyzed the genes expression profiles in CX3CR1high Ms, CX3CR1- CD11b+ CD11c+ cells, CD11b- CD11chigh DCs, and CD11b+CD11c- cells.
Heme ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis through providing intestinal macrophages with noninflammatory profiles.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo determine the functions of Spi-C in innate immune responses, we investigated the overall gene expression patterns in M-CSF-BMDMFs prepared from Spicflox/flox and Lyz2-cre; Spicflox/flox mice. M-CSF-BMDMFs were stimulated with or without LPS following heme treatment and used for RNA-seq analysis. Overall design: Control and Spic–/– BMDMF pretreated with 40 µM hemin for 18 h were stimulated with (designated 'CNT_4' and 'cKO_4', respectively) or without (designated 'CNT_0' and 'cKO_0', respectively) 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h.
Heme ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis through providing intestinal macrophages with noninflammatory profiles.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View Samples