The blockage of GABA-A ionotropic channels by means of gabazine is a widespread model of plasticity where the increased synaptic activity triggered by Gabazine leads to the up-regulation of a plethora of activity-dependent genes. Here, we sought to characterize the overall transcriptional response of GABA-A blocking of rat hippocampal organotypic cultures.
Early phase of plasticity-related gene regulation and SRF dependent transcription in the hippocampus.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThere is emerging evidence that, beyond their cholesterol lowering properties, statins exhibit important antileukemic effects in vitro and in vivo, but the precise mechanisms by which they generate such responses remain to be determined. We have previously shown that statins promote differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells and enhance generation of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-dependent antileukemic responses. We now provide evidence that statin-dependent leukemic cell differentiation requires engagement and activation of the JNK kinase pathway. In addition, in experiments to define the molecular targets and mediators of statin-induced differentiation we found a remarkable effect of statins on ATRA-dependent gene transcription, evidenced by the selective induction of over 400 genes by the combination of atorvastatin and ATRA. Altogether, our studies identify novel statin molecular targets linked to differentiation, establish that statins modulate ATRA-dependent transcription, and suggest that combined use of statins with retinoids may provide a novel approach to enhance antileukemic responses in APL and possibly other leukemias.
Regulation of leukemic cell differentiation and retinoid-induced gene expression by statins.
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View SamplesThe ability to assign expression patterns to individual cell types that constitute a tissue is a major challenge in RNA expression analysis. This especially applies to brain given the plethora of different cells coexisting in that tissue. Here, we derived cell-type specific transcriptome signatures from existing single cell RNA data and integrated these signatures with a newly generated dataset of expression (bulk RNA-seq) of the postnatal developing hippocampus. This integrated analysis allowed us to provide a comprehensive and unbiased prediction of the differentiation drivers for 10 different hippocampal cell types and describe how the different cell types interact to support crucial developmental stages. Our integrated analysis provides a reliable resource of predicted differentiation drivers and insight into the multifaceted aspects of the cells in hippocampus during development. Overall design: 21 RNA-seq samples. For the stages E15, P1, P7, P15, and P30, there are respectively 3, 4, 3, 3, and 6 RNA-seq biological replica (total 19). One RNA-seq sample has two technical replica.
Integrated transcriptional analysis unveils the dynamics of cellular differentiation in the developing mouse hippocampus.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samplesp63 mutations have been associated with several human hereditary disorders characterized by ectodermal dysplasia such as EEC syndrome, ADULT syndrome and AEC syndrome . The location and functional effects of the mutations that underlie these syndromes reveal a striking genotype-phenotype correlation. Unlike EEC and ADULT that result from missense mutations in the DNA-binding domain of p63, AEC is solely caused by missense mutations in the SAM domain of p63. We report a study on the TAp63a isoform, the first to be expressed during development of the embryonic epithelia, and on its naturally occurring Q540L mutant derived from an AEC patient. To assess the effects of the Q540L mutation, we generated stable cell lines expressing TAp63a wt, DeltaNp63 alpha or the TAp63 alpha-Q540L mutant protein and used them to systematically compare the cell growth regulatory activity of the mutant and wt p63 proteins and to generate, by microarray analysis, a comprehensive profile of differential gene expression. We found that the Q540L substitution impairs the transcriptional activity of TAp63a and causes misregulation of genes involved in the control of cell growth and epidermal differentiation.
The Hay Wells syndrome-derived TAp63alphaQ540L mutant has impaired transcriptional and cell growth regulatory activity.
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View SamplesmRNA present in EPC derived microvescicles were detected using a RNA quantity curve, in order to evaluate if these vescicles were shuttling a specific subset of mRNAs
Endothelial progenitor cell derived microvesicles activate an angiogenic program in endothelial cells by a horizontal transfer of mRNA.
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View SamplesWe used microarrays to detail the transcriptome-wide gene expression changes underlying chemical conversion of human fibroblasts into induced Schwann Cells over a time period of 39 days. We compared then the expression profiles of these induced Schwann Cells to primary Schwann cells.
Chemical conversion of human fibroblasts into functional Schwann cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesMicroRNAs have been implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. However, identification of bona fide physiologically relevent miRNA/mRNA targeting interactions remains a challenge. To define a comprehensive miRNA/mRNA targetome and determine the role of miRNAs in cyclsporine-induced nephrotoxicity, we performed PAR-CLIP (Photoactivatable-Ribonucleoside-Enhanced Crosslinking and Immunoprecipitation) against endogenous Argonaute 2 (AGO2) protein in human proximal tubule cells treated with cyclosporine A (CsA) or vehicle control. Statistically significant mRNA targets of miRNAs in the RNA Inducing Silencing Complex (RISC) complex were identified by PIPE-CLIP, a bioinformatic framework based on a zero-truncated negative binomial model. Further, we determined the total cellular differential expression of miRNAs and mRNAs by conventional deep sequencing methods. Our data indicate that CsA causes specific changes in miRNAs and mRNAs associated with the RISC complex. A relatively small fraction of the miRNAs and mRNAs identified by total cell RNA-seq were also found in the RISC complex suggesting that changes in targeting by miRs are not necessarily reflected in changes observed in total cellular RNA. Pathway enrichment analysis after integrating miRNA-seq, mRNA-seq, and PAR-CLIP datasets identified canonical pathways specifically under regulation by miRNAs following CsA treatment. Our analysis indicates that miRNAs play an integral role in regulating widespread dysregulation of the proximal tubule cell gene program, contributing to alterations in cell-cell adhesion, integrin-cytoskeleton signaling, and calcium signaling. Analysis of high confidence 3''UTR targets revealed a specific role for miR-101-3p in regulating MAPK signaling which may contribute to the pathogenesis of cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in a calcineurin-independent manner. Overall design: AGO2-PAR-CLIP, mRNA-seq, and miRNA-seq of a human kidney proximal tubule cell line (HK-2) treated with cyclosporine A or vehicle control was performed and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq 2500. Two replicate AGO2-PAR-CLIP samples in each condition and four replicates in each condition for mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq were obtained.
Defining a microRNA-mRNA interaction map for calcineurin inhibitor induced nephrotoxicity.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesImplications for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease
VTA neurons show a potentially protective transcriptional response to MPTP.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesTo monitor global transcript changes after Paf1C depletion we transfected ESCs with esiRNA targeting Ctr9 and control esiRNA (Luc).
A genome-scale RNAi screen for Oct4 modulators defines a role of the Paf1 complex for embryonic stem cell identity.
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View SamplesATP6AP2 is an essential accessory component of the vacuolar H+ ATPase (V-ATPase) and has been associated with intellectual disabilities (ID) and Parkinsonism. ATP6AP2 has been implicated in several signaling pathways, but little is known about its role in the nervous system. To decipher its function in behaviour and cognition, we generated and characterized conditional ATP6AP2 Drosophila and mouse models in the nervous system. In Drosophila, knockdown of ATP6AP2 induced defective phototaxis and vacuolisation of photoreceptor neurons and pigment cells when deleted in eyes and alteration of short- and long-term memory when deleted in the mushroom body. In mouse, conditional Atp6ap2 deletion in glutamatergic neurons (Atp6ap2Camk2aCre/0 mice) caused increased spontaneous locomotor activity and altered memory for fear. Both Drosophila ATP6AP2 knockdown and Atp6ap2Camk2aCre/0 mice presented with presynaptic transmission defect, abnormal number and morphology of synapses, and alteration of axonal transport in fly. In addition, Atp6ap2Camk2aCre/0 mice showed autophagy defect leading to axonal and neuronal degeneration in the cortex and the hippocampus. Surprisingly, myelinisation of axons was affected in our mutant mice. In accordance with the identified phenotypes across species, genome-wide transcriptome profiling of Atp6ap2Camk2aCre/0 mouse hippocampi revealed dysregulated genes involved in myelination, action potential, membrane bound vesicles and adult behaviour. In summary, disruption of ATP6AP2 in mouse and fly leads to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration, mimicking aspects of the neuropathology associated with ATP6AP2 mutations in humans. Our results identify ATP6AP2 as an essential gene for the nervous system. Overall design: 4 samples, 2 wt and 2 Atp6ap2Camk2aCre/0
Conditional depletion of intellectual disability and Parkinsonism candidate gene ATP6AP2 in fly and mouse induces cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration.
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