Background: Transcription control of mitochondrial metabolism is essential for cellular function. A better understanding of this process will aid the elucidation of mitochondrial disorders, in particular of the many genetically unsolved cases of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency. Yet, to date only few studies have investigated nuclear gene regulation in the context of OXPHOS deficiency. In this study, we combined RNA sequencing of human complex I-deficient patient cells across 32 conditions of perturbed mitochondrial metabolism, with a comprehensive analysis of gene expression patterns, co-expression calculations and transcription factor binding sites. Results: Our analysis shows that OXPHOS genes have a significantly higher co-expression with each other than with other genes, including mitochondrial genes. We found no evidence for complex-specific mRNA expression regulation in the tested cell types and conditions: subunits of different OXPHOS complexes are similarly (co-)expressed and regulated by a common set of transcription factors. However, we did observe significant differences between the expression of OXPHOS complex subunits compared to assembly factors, suggesting divergent transcription programs. Furthermore, complex I co-expression calculations identified 684 genes with a likely role in OXPHOS biogenesis and function. Analysis of evolutionarily conserved transcription factor binding sites in the promoters of these genes revealed almost all known OXPHOS regulators (including GABP, NRF1/2, SP1, YY1, E-box factors) and a set of six yet uncharacterized candidate transcription factors (ELK1, KLF7, SP4, EHF, ZNF143, and EL2). Conclusions: OXPHOS genes share an expression program distinct from other mitochondrial genes, indicative of targeted regulation of this mitochondrial sub-process. Within the subset of OXPHOS genes we established a difference in expression between subunits and assembly factors. Most transcription regulators of genes that co-express with complex I are well-established factors for OXPHOS biogenesis. For the remaining six factors we here suggest for the first time a link with transcription regulation in OXPHOS deficiency. Overall design: RNA-SEQ of whole cell RNA in 2 control and 2 complex I deficient patient fibroblast cell lines treated with 4 compounds in duplicate, resulting in a total of 2x2x4x2=32 samples
Transcriptome analysis of complex I-deficient patients reveals distinct expression programs for subunits and assembly factors of the oxidative phosphorylation system.
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View SamplesLittle is known about the early transcriptional events in innate immune signaling in immature and tolerogenic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen-presenting cells of our immune system. TLR ligands usually induce a proinflammatory transcriptional response, whereas IL10 and/or dexamethasone induce a more tolerogenic phenotype.
MicroRNA genes preferentially expressed in dendritic cells contain sites for conserved transcription factor binding motifs in their promoters.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis experiment aims to identify the biological pathways and diseases associated with the cytokine Interleukin 13 (IL-13) using gene expression measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Overall design: The experiment comprised of samples obtained from 3 healthy donors. The expression profiles of in vitro IL-13 stimulation were generated using RNA-seq technology for 3 PBMC samples at 24 hours. The transcriptional profiles of PBMCs without IL-13 stimulation were also generated to be used as controls. An IL-13R-alpha antagonist (Redpath et al. Biochemical Journal, 2013) was introduced into IL-13 stimulated PBMCs and the gene expression levels after 24h were profiled to examine the neutralization of IL-13 signaling by the antagonist.
Combining multiple tools outperforms individual methods in gene set enrichment analyses.
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View SamplesReduced oxygen availability during embryogenesis leads to intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), increasing the risk for hypertension, cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults. Although this association has long been recognized, underlying mechanisms still require extensive research.
Fetuin-A is a HIF target that safeguards tissue integrity during hypoxic stress.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesAnalysis of gene expression in the distal forelimbs Overall design: RNA-Seq polyA on transcripts extracted from the dissection of three pairs of embryonnic forelimbs at E12.5
Nanoscale spatial organization of the HoxD gene cluster in distinct transcriptional states.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesBRCA1 nestin CRE conditional knockout cortrices of P7 animals were compared to wildtype littermates to characterize the mutant phenotype.
BRCA1 tumour suppression occurs via heterochromatin-mediated silencing.
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View SamplesSUMMARY
Loss of patched and disruption of granule cell development in a pre-neoplastic stage of medulloblastoma.
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View SamplesWe used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in lung SCC cells treated with belinostat, a pan-HDAC inhibitor. The primary focus of this work is to investigate the efficacy of belinostat on lung SCC cells. Our phosphoproteomic profiling analyses revealed the downregulation of MAPK signaling pathway upon drug treatment, together with the induction of apoptosis. While HDAC inhibition generally affects transcription, the mechanism of SOS/MAPK downregulation was therefore proposed to be affected at the transcriptomic level. However, genes related to MAPK pathway were not significantly regulated upon belinostat treatment, whereas ubiquitin-proteasome gene signature was affected. This supports an indirect mechanism of epigenetic regulation on MAPK signaling that should be explored further.
Belinostat exerts antitumor cytotoxicity through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesBackground: Despite advances in therapeutics, outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poor and there is an urgent need for efficacious systemic therapy. Unfortunately, drugs that are successful in preclinical studies often fail in the clinical setting, and we hypothesize that this is due to functional differences between primary tumors and commonly used preclinical models. In this study, we attempt to answer this question by comparing tumor morphology and gene expression profiles between primary tumors, xenografts and HCC cell lines.
Microarray profiling shows distinct differences between primary tumors and commonly used preclinical models in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThe purpose of this experiment was to assess the genes upregulated when pDCs were stimulated with TLR7 agonist imiquimod and TLR9 agonist CpG C. Overall design: pDCs were isolated from six healthy donors by FACS sorting, and were stimulated with CpG and imiquimod for 18 hours, after which RNA was extracted for next generation sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq platform. Unstimulated samples were included as controls.
A cytotoxic anti-IL-3Rα antibody targets key cells and cytokines implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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