In gastrulation, distinct progenitor cell populations are induced and sorted into the three germ layers ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. In order to identify genes involved in germ layer specification and morphogenesis, we identified genes differentially expressed between ectodermal and mesendodermal progenitor cells. To do so, we first generated highly enriched pools of ectodermal and mesendodermal progenitor cells. Mesendodermal cells were generated by over-expressing the Nodal signal Cyclops in wild type embryos and ectodermal cells were taken from mz-one-eyed-pinhead (oep) mutant embryos. We then compared the transcriptome of ectodermal versus mesendodermal cells taken from embryos at 7 hours post fertilization (hpf). In wild type embryos at this stage (70% epiboly), the first ectodermal and mesendodermal progenitor cells have already been sorted into their respective germ layers and ingression of mesendodermal progenitors is still ongoing.
Identification of regulators of germ layer morphogenesis using proteomics in zebrafish.
Age, Specimen part, Subject, Time
View SamplesRNA-seq analysis of murine eGFP+ relbfl/flnfkb2fl/flCg1-Cre and Cg1-Cre splenic germinal center B cells identifies genes regulated by the transcription factors RELB and p52 (NF-kB2) in germinal center B cells. Overall design: Germinal center B cells from 12-week old relbfl/flnfkb2fl/flCg1-Cre and Cg1-Cre littermate mice immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were isolated at day 7 after immunization by flow cytometric sorting from splenic mononuclear cells. RNA was isolated, amplified and submitted for RNA-sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq2500 instrument for 35-40 million 2x50 paired-ended reads.
Transcription factors of the alternative NF-κB pathway are required for germinal center B-cell development.
Age, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesInterleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) is an important component of the IL-1R and TLR signaling pathways, which influence Th cell differentiation. Here, we show that IRAK1 promotes Th17 development by mediating IL-1 induced upregulation of IL-23R and subsequent STAT3 phosphorylation, thus enabling sustained IL-17 production. Moreover, we show that IRAK1 signaling fosters Th1 differentiation by mediating T-bet induction and counteracts Treg generation. Cotransfer experiments revealed that Irak1-deficient CD4+ T cells have a cell-intrinsic defect in generating Th1 and Th17 cells under inflammatory conditions in spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and colon tissue. Furthermore, IRAK1 expression in T cells was shown to be essential for T cell accumulation in the inflamed intestine and mLNs. Transcriptome analysis ex vivo revealed that IRAK1 promotes T cell activation and induction of gut-homing molecules in a cell-intrinsic manner. Accordingly, Irak1-deficient T cells failed to upregulate surface expression of 47 integrin after transfer into Rag1-/- mice and their ability to induce colitis was greatly impaired. Lack of IRAK1 in recipient mice provided additional protection from colitis. Therefore, IRAK1 plays an important role in intestinal inflammation by mediating T cell activation, differentiation and their accumulation in the gut. Thus, IRAK1 is a promising novel target for therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases.
IRAK1 Drives Intestinal Inflammation by Promoting the Generation of Effector Th Cells with Optimal Gut-Homing Capacity.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNAseq analysis of CD40 + IgM in vitro-stimulated (6 hours) murine relafl/flCD19-Cre (furtheron designated as RELA) and CD19-Cre (furtheron designated as WT) splenic B cells identifies genes regulated by the transcription factor RELA in activated B cells. Overall design: Splenic B cells from 12-week old relafl/flCD19-Cre and CD19-Cre littermate mice were isolated by magnetic cell separation from splenic mononuclear cells and stimulated in vitro for 6 hours with anti-CD40 and anti-IgM. RNA was isolated and submitted for RNA-sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq2000 instrument for 30 million single-ended reads.
Germinal center B cell maintenance and differentiation are controlled by distinct NF-κB transcription factor subunits.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNAseq analysis of CD40 + IgM in vitro-stimulated (6 hours) murine relfl/flCD19-Cre (furtheron designated as REL) and CD19-Cre (furtheron designated as WT) splenic B cells identifies genes regulated by the transcription factor c-REL in activated B cells. Overall design: Splenic B cells from 12-week old relfl/flCD19-Cre and CD19-Cre littermate mice were isolated by magnetic cell separation from splenic mononuclear cells and stimulated in vitro for 6 hours with anti-CD40 and anti-IgM. RNA was isolated and submitted for RNA-sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq2000 instrument for 30 million single-ended reads.
Germinal center B cell maintenance and differentiation are controlled by distinct NF-κB transcription factor subunits.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNAseq analysis of CD40 + IgM in vitro-stimulated (24 hours) murine relfl/flCD19-Cre (furtheron designated as REL) and CD19-Cre (furtheron designated as WT) splenic B cells identifies genes regulated by the transcription factor c-REL in activated B cells. Overall design: Splenic B cells from 12-week old relfl/flCD19-Cre and CD19-Cre littermate mice were isolated by magnetic cell separation from splenic mononuclear cells and stimulated in vitro for 24 hours with anti-CD40 and anti-IgM. RNA was isolated and submitted for RNA-sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq2000 instrument for 30 million single-ended reads.
Germinal center B cell maintenance and differentiation are controlled by distinct NF-κB transcription factor subunits.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGene expression profiling of murine eGFP+ relfl/flCg1-Cre and eGFP Cg1-Cre splenic germinal center B cells identifies genes regulated by the transcription factor c-REL in germinal center B cells.
Germinal center B cell maintenance and differentiation are controlled by distinct NF-κB transcription factor subunits.
Age, Specimen part, Time
View SamplesGene expression profiling of murine irf4-/- and irf4+/+ splenic B cells identifies genes regulated by the transcription factor IRF4 in quiescent mature B cells.
IRF4 controls the positioning of mature B cells in the lymphoid microenvironments by regulating NOTCH2 expression and activity.
Specimen part
View SamplesBreakdown products of some glucosinolates defense chemicals of Brassicales induce detoxifying enzymes and demonstrate preventive activities against chemically induced tumorigenesis in animal models. However, other breakdown products are genotoxic. 1-Methoxy-3-indolylmethyl alcohol (1-MIM-OH) is mutagenic in bacterial and mammalian cells upon activation by sulphotransferases and forms DNA adducts in mouse tissues. This effect was enhanced in mice transgenic for human sulphotransferases 1A1/2 (FVB/N-hSULT1A1/2). In this study we explored gene expression changes induced by 1-MIM-OH in mouse liver. FVB/N-hSULT1A1/2 mice were orally treated with 1-MIM-OH for 21 or 90 days, leading to high levels of hepatic 1-MIM-DNA adducts. Genome-wide expression analyzes in this tissue demonstrated no influence on detoxifying enzymes, but up-regulation of many mediators of the tumour suppressor p53 and down-regulation of Fhit and other long genes. In conclusion, 1-MIM-OH did not induce protective enzymes, but formed high levels of DNA adducts, which were recognized by affected cells as reflected by p53 activation. While this p53 response might aim to protection, it was unable to prevent the accumulation of DNA adducts. However, various epdemiological studies reported inverse associations between the intake of cruciferous vegetables and cancer. This association might be due to the presence of other glucosinolates with tumour-preventing influences possibly outweighing adverse effects of some metabolites. Nevertheless, 1-MIM-OH is a genotoxic substance inducing a gene expression profile similar to the expression signature caused by known genotoxic hepatocarcinogens.
The glucosinolate metabolite 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl alcohol induces a gene expression profile in mouse liver similar to the expression signature caused by known genotoxic hepatocarcinogens.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWe used microarrays to detail the global gene expression changes following RNAi knock-down of dTip60 in Drosophila SL2 cells
Widespread regulation of gene expression in the Drosophila genome by the histone acetyltransferase dTip60.
Cell line
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