The primary goal of toxicology and safety testing is to identify agents that have the potential to cause adverse effects in humans. Unfortunately, many of these tests have not changed significantly in the past 30 years and most are inefficient, costly, and rely heavily on the use of animals. The rodent cancer bioassay is one of these safety tests and was originally established as a screen to identify potential carcinogens that would be further analyzed in human epidemiological studies. Today, the rodent cancer bioassay has evolved into the primary means to determine the carcinogenic potential of a chemical and generate quantitative information on dose-response behavior in chemical risk assessments. Due to the resource-intensive nature of these studies, each bioassay costs $2 to $4 million and takes over three years to complete. Over the past 30 years, only 1,468 chemicals have been tested in a rodent cancer bioassay. By comparison, approximately 9,000 chemicals are used by industry in quantities greater than 10,000 lbs and nearly 90,000 chemicals have been inventoried by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as part of the Toxic Substances Control Act. Given the disparity between the number of chemicals tested in a rodent cancer bioassay and the number of chemicals used by industry, a more efficient and economical system of identifying chemical carcinogens needs to be developed.
Application of genomic biomarkers to predict increased lung tumor incidence in 2-year rodent cancer bioassays.
Sex, Age, Subject
View SamplesThese data provide scientific information to understand the mechanism of action of lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive patients and to test the combination of HER2-targeted agents and GSK1363089 (foretinib) in the clinic by using an acquired lapatinib-resistant cell line.
Novel mechanism of lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive breast tumor cells: activation of AXL.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesThe capacity of cancer cells to undergo epithelial mesenchymal trans-differentiation has been implicated as a factor driving metastasis, through the acquisition of enhanced migratory/invasive cell programs and the engagement of anti-apoptotic mechanisms promoting drug and radiation resistance. Our aim was to define molecular signaling changes associated with mesenchymal trans-differentiation in two KRas mutant NSCLC models. We focused on central transcription and epigenetic regulators predicted to be important for mesenchymal cell survival. Overall design: Haley, J.A., Haughney, E., Ullman, E., Bean, J., Haley, J.D.* and Fink, M.Y. (2014) 'Altered Transcriptional Control Networks with Trans-Differentiation of Isogenic Mutant KRas NSCLC Models' Front. Oncology, doi/10.3389/fonc.2014.00344.
Altered Transcriptional Control Networks with Trans-Differentiation of Isogenic Mutant-KRas NSCLC Models.
Treatment, Subject
View SamplesGene expression changes were analyzed in 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines treated with the GSK126 EZH2 inhibitor using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays.
A687V EZH2 is a driver of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) hypertrimethylation.
Cell line, Treatment, Time
View SamplesPolycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) is a group of proteins that play important role during development and in cell differentiation. PRC2 is a histone-modifying complex that catalyses methylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) at differentiation genes leading to their transcriptional repression. JARID2 is a co-factor of PRC2 and is important for targeting PRC2 to chromatin as well as modulating its activity. Here, we show that in many human cells, including human epidermal keratinocytes, JARID2 predominantly exists as a novel low molecular weight form, which lacks the N-terminal PRC2-interacting domain (?N-JARID2). We show that ?N-JARID2 is a cleaved product of full-length JARID2 spanning the C-terminal conserved region consisting of jumonji domains. JARID2 knockout in keratinocytes results in up-regulation of cell cycle genes and repression of many epidermal differentiation genes. Surprisingly, repression of epidermal differentiation genes in JARID2-null keratinocytes can be relieved by expression of ?N-JARID2 suggesting that this form promotes activation of these genes and has opposing function to that of PRC2 in regulation of differentiation. We propose that a switch from expression of full-length JARID2 to ?N-JARID2 is important for the up-regulation of genes during differentiation. Overall design: RNA-seq analysis of Wildtype and JARID2-null keratinocytes (HaCaTs) on day 0 and day 3 of calcium induced differentiation.
A novel form of JARID2 is required for differentiation in lineage-committed cells.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesCombined treatment with all-trans retinoic acid and GSK2879552 results in synergistic effects on gene expression, cell proliferation, markers of differentiation, and, most importantly, cytotoxicity. Overall design: Gene expression analysis of DMSO, single and combination treatment (ATRA and GSK2879552) on 6 AML cell lines at two time-points with two replicates (paired end RNA-seq on 96 samples in total)
Lysine specific demethylase 1 inactivation enhances differentiation and promotes cytotoxic response when combined with all-<i>trans</i> retinoic acid in acute myeloid leukemia across subtypes.
Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesThe transcriptomes of FACS-sorted siglec-F+ alveolar macrophages and siglec-f- CD11b+ exudative macrophages from inducible airway GM-CSF over-expressing transgenic mice (DTGM) were compared to non-inducible littermate controls during influenza A virus infection. Overall design: Examination of effect of GM-CSF on airway macrophages during influenza A virus infection
GM-CSF overexpression after influenza a virus infection prevents mortality and moderates M1-like airway monocyte/macrophage polarization.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe examine the potential of Kras as a metabolic target in lung cancer using the KrasLSL-G12D lung cancer model. We demonstrate that mutant Kras drives a lipogenic gene expression program, and that fatty acid synthesis is important in Kras-induced tumorigenesis.
De novo lipogenesis represents a therapeutic target in mutant Kras non-small cell lung cancer.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe present a new wholly defined Affymetrix spike-in dataset consisting of 18 microarrays. Over 5700 RNAs are spiked in at relative concentrations ranging from 1- to 4-fold, and the arrays from each condition are balanced with respect to both total RNA amount and degree of positive- versus negative-fold change. We use this new Platinum Spike dataset to evaluate microarray analysis routes and contrast the results to those achieved using our earlier Golden Spike dataset.
Preferred analysis methods for Affymetrix GeneChips. II. An expanded, balanced, wholly-defined spike-in dataset.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesPA3225 is a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, and the ?PA3225 deletion mutant is more resistant to various antibiotics than the wild-type PA14 strain in both planktonic and biofilm cells. In order to characterise the regulon of PA3225, we compared the transcriptomes of biofilm and planktonic ?PA3225 to biofilm and planktonic PA14 wild-type by RNA-seq. Overall design: RNA was isolated from planktonic and biofilm PA14 wild-type and ?PA3225 cells (3 biological replicates for each condition = 12 samples) and submitted to McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre for library preparation, RNA-seq, and data processing.
PA3225 Is a Transcriptional Repressor of Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Cell line, Subject
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