Gene expression studies comparing IFNg+ Tregs versus IFNg- Tregs from human peripheral blood
AKT isoforms modulate Th1-like Treg generation and function in human autoimmune disease.
Specimen part
View SamplesPrevious lineage analyses have shown that retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are multipotent throughout development, and expression profiling studies have shown a great deal of molecular heterogeneity among RPCs. To determine if the molecular heterogeneity predicts that an RPC will produce particular types of progeny, clonal lineage analysis was used to investigate the progeny of a subset of RPCs, those that express the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, Olig2. In contrast to the large and complex set of clones generated by viral marking of random embryonic RPCs, the embryonic Olig2+ RPCs underwent terminal divisions, producing small clones with primarily two of the five cell types being made by the pool of RPCs at that time. The embryonically produced cell types made by Olig2+ RPCs were cone photoreceptors and horizontal cell (HC) interneurons. Moreover, the embryonic Olig2+ RPC did not make the later Olig2+ RPC. The later, postnatal Olig2+ RPCs also made terminal divisions, which were biased towards production of rod photoreceptors and amacrine cell (AC) interneurons. These data indicate that the multipotent progenitor pool is made up of distinctive types of RPCs, which have biases towards producing subsets of retinal neurons in a terminal division, with the types of neurons produced varying over time. This strategy is similar to that of the developing Drosophila melanogaster ventral nerve cord, with the Olig2+ cells behaving as ganglion mother cells.
Transcription factor Olig2 defines subpopulations of retinal progenitor cells biased toward specific cell fates.
Specimen part
View SamplesMyelin-reactive T cells have been identified in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy subjects with comparable frequencies, but the contribution of these autoreactive T cells to disease pathology remains unknown. A total of 13,324 T cell libraries generated from blood of 23 patients and 22 healthy controls were interrogated for reactivity to myelin antigens. Libraries derived from CCR6+ myelin-reactive T cells from patients with MS exhibited significantly enhanced production of IFN-?, IL-17, and GM-CSF compared to healthy controls. Single-cell clones isolated by MHC/peptide tetramers from CCR6+ T cell libraries also secreted more pro-inflammatory cytokines while clones isolated from controls secreted more IL-10. The transcriptomes of myelin-specific CCR6+ T cells from patients with MS were distinct from those derived from healthy controls, and of note, were enriched in Th17-induced experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) gene signatures and gene signatures derived from Th17 cells isolated other human autoimmune diseases. These data, although not casual, imply that functional differences between antigen specific T cells from MS and healthy controls is fundamental to disease development and support the notion that IL-10 production from myelin-reactive T cells may act to limit disease progression, or even pathogenesis. Overall design: Four conditions of purified T cells with between 3 and 5 replicates per condition
Functional inflammatory profiles distinguish myelin-reactive T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTh17 cells are believed to be a critical cell population for driving autoimmune diseases. However, environmental factors that are directly related to the development of Th17 cells are largely unknown.
Sodium chloride drives autoimmune disease by the induction of pathogenic TH17 cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesMouse skin bitten by Zika virus-infected mosquitoes were isolated and performed RNA-seq Overall design: Examination of host responses after Zika virus-infected mosquito bites, in duplicate
Aedes aegypti AgBR1 antibodies modulate early Zika virus infection of mice.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesHuman Tregs isolated from PBMCs were cultured in the absence or presence of IL-12 (20ng/ml) for four days and were performed mRNA-seq. Overall design: mRNA profiles of human Treg stimulated with IL-12 (Th1 condition)
Activated β-catenin in Foxp3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells links inflammatory environments to autoimmunity.
Age, Subject
View SamplesTGF-beta3 produced by developing Th17 cells induces highly pathogenic T cells that are functionally and molecularly distinct from TGF-beta1-induced Th17 cells. The microarray data represent a distinct molecular signature for pathogenic versus non-pathogenic Th17 cells.
Induction and molecular signature of pathogenic TH17 cells.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesLymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), originally collected as renewable sources of DNA, are now being used as a model system to study genotype-phenotype relationships in human cells. These cell lines have been used to search for genetic variants that are associated with drug response as well as with more basic cellular traits such as RNA levels. In setting out to extend such studies by searching for genetic variants contributing to drug response, we observed that phenotypes in LCLs were, in our lab and others, significantly affected by experimental confounders (i.e. in vitro growth rate, metabolic state, and relative levels of the Epstein-Barr virus used to transform the cells). As we did not find any SNPs associated with genome-wide significance to drug response, we evaluated whether incorporating RNA expression levels (and eQTLs) in the analysis could increase power to detect such effects. As previously shown, cis-acting eQTLs were detectable for a sizeable fraction of RNAs and baseline levels of many RNAs predicted response to several drugs. However, we found only limited evidence that SNPs influenced drug response through their effect on expression of RNA. Efforts to use LCLs to map genes underlying cellular traits will require great care to control experimental confounders, unbiased methods for integrating and interpreting such multi-dimensional data, and much larger sample sizes than have been applied to date.
Genetic analysis of human traits in vitro: drug response and gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Common genetic variants modulate pathogen-sensing responses in human dendritic cells.
Sex, Age, Race, Subject
View SamplesVariation in individuals' responses to environmental factors is believed to influence susceptibility to complex diseases in humans. The genetic basis of such variation is poorly understood. We measured gene expression from resting and stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) derived from the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. We stimulated the primary DCs with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or influenza virus. Using serial replicate samples, we selected genes that showed evidence of reproducibility within the serial replicates.
Common genetic variants modulate pathogen-sensing responses in human dendritic cells.
Sex, Age, Race, Subject
View Samples