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GSE10360
Mus musculus
2 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Sympathetic neurons of SCG (Superior Cervical Ganglia) send axonal projections either along the external carotid arteries to innervate the salivary glands, or along the internal carotid arteries to the lacrimal and pineal glands, the eye, blood vessels and skin of the head, and the mucosa of the oral and nasal cavities. Previous studies using Wnt1Cre and R26R have defined the neural crest and mesodermal origins of vascular smooth muscle in the heart outflow tract and great vessels, although not specifically of the segments that are relevant for the projections of the SCG neurons. The third pharyngeal arch arteries are lined by neural crest-derived smooth muscle, and consequently, their derivatives, including the entirety of the external carotid arteries and only the base of the internal carotid arteries, also have a neural crest origin. In contrast, the dorsal aortae are lined by smooth muscle that is mesodermal in origin, and as a result, the internal carotid arteries from just above their origination from the common carotid arteries have a mesoderm-derived smooth muscle layer. To address the possibility that guidance cues for SCG neurons are selectively expressed by the external carotid vs. the internal carotid arteries, we isolated these segments of the vasculature from mouse embryos at E13.5 and extracted RNA to screen microarrays for differentially expressed genes.
Publication Title
Endothelins are vascular-derived axonal guidance cues for developing sympathetic neurons.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 30 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Human umbilical cord Whartons jelly stem cells (WHJSC) are gaining attention as a possible clinical source of mesenchymal stem cells for use in cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their high accessibility, expansion potential and plasticity. However, the cell viability changes that are associated to sequential cell passage of these cells are not known. In this analysis, we have identified the gene expression changes that are associated to cell passage in WHJSC.
Publication Title
Evaluation of the cell viability of human Wharton's jelly stem cells for use in cell therapy.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 11 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Array (hgu133a)
Description
Compare the behaviour of two populations of non-hematopoetic stem cells (MSC and MAPC) isolated from human bone marrow. The effect of culture conditions on the behaviour of MSC was also characterised by isolating MSC and then culturing the cells for 96h in MAPC growth conditions
Publication Title
Validation of COL11A1/procollagen 11A1 expression in TGF-β1-activated immortalised human mesenchymal cells and in stromal cells of human colon adenocarcinoma.
Sample Metadata Fields
Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 752 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) provides a dosage compensation mechanism where, in each female cell, one of the two X chromosomes is randomly silenced. However, some genes on the inactive X chromosome and outside the pseudoautosomal regions escape from XCI and are expressed from both alleles (escapees). We investigated XCI at single-cell resolution combining deep single cellRNA sequencing with whole-genome sequencing to examine allelic-specific expression in 935 primary fibroblast and 48 lymphoblastoid single cells from five female individuals. In this framework we integrated an original method to identify and exclude doublets of cells. In fibroblast cells, we have identified 55 genes as escapees including five novel escapee genes. Moreover, we observed that all genes exhibit a variable propensity to escape XCI in each cell and cell type and that each cell displays a distinct expression profile of the escapee genes. A metric, the Inactivation Score—defined as the mean of the allelic expression profiles of the escapees per cell—enables us to discover a heterogeneous and continuous degree of cellular XCI with extremes represented by “inactive” cells, i.e., cells exclusively expressing the escaping genes from the active X chromosome and “escaping” cells expressing the escapees from both alleles. We found that this effect is associated with cell-cycle phases and, independently, with the XIST expression level, which is higher in the quiescent phase (G0). Single-cell allele-specific expression is a powerful tool to identify novel escapees in different tissues and provide evidence of an unexpected cellular heterogeneity of XCI. Overall design: Single-cell RNA seq study on 935 human fibroblasts and 48 lymphoblastoid cells from 5 female individuals, in order to investigate the X chromosome nactivation mechanism on a single cell level and to identify escapee genes
Publication Title
Single cell transcriptome in aneuploidies reveals mechanisms of gene dosage imbalance.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 34 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Integrative analysis of DNA copy number, DNA methylation and gene expression in multiple myeloma reveals alterations related to relapse.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 34 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite the introduction of novel agents and a relapsing course is observed in the majority of patients. Although the development of genomic technologies has greatly improved our understanding of MM pathogenesis, the mechanisms underlying relapse have been less investigated. In this study, an integrative analysis of DNA copy number, DNA methylation and gene expression was conducted in matched diagnosis and relapse samples from 17 MM patients. Overall, the acquisition of abnormalities at relapse was much more frequent than the lost of lesions present at diagnosis, and DNA losses were significantly more frequent at relapse than in diagnosis samples. Interestingly, copy number abnormalities involving more than 100 Mb of DNA at relapse significantly impact the gene expression of these samples, provoking a particular deregulation of IL-8 pathway. On the contrary, no relevant modifications of gene expression were observed in those samples with less than 100 Mb affected by chromosomal changes. Although different statistical approaches were used to uncover genes whose abnormal expression at relapse was regulated by DNA methylation, only two genes significantly deregulated in relapse samples (SORL1 and GLT1D1) showed a negative methylation-expression correlation. A deeper analysis demonstrated that DNA methylation was involved in regulation of SORL1 expression in MM. Finally, relevant changes in gene expression observed in relapse samples, such us downregulation of CD27 and P2RY8, were not apparently preceded by alterations in corresponding DNA. Taken together, these results showed that genomic heterogeneity, both at the DNA and RNA level, is a hallmark of MM transition from diagnosis to relapse.
Publication Title
Integrative analysis of DNA copy number, DNA methylation and gene expression in multiple myeloma reveals alterations related to relapse.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
Down syndrome (DS) results from trisomy of chromosome 21 (HSA21). Some DS phenotypes may be directly or indirectly related to the increased expression of specific HSA21 genes, in particular those encoding transcription factors. The HSA21 encoded Single-minded 2 (SIM2) transcription factor has key neurological functions and is a good candidate to be involved in the cognitive impairment of DS. ChIP-sequencing was used to map SIM2 binding in mouse embryonic stem cells and has revealed 1229 high-confidence SIM2-binding sites. Analysis of the SIM2 target genes confirmed the importance of SIM2 in developmental and neuronal processes and indicated that SIM2 may be a master transcription regulator. Indeed, SIM2 DNA binding sites share sequence specificity and overlapping domains of occupancy with master transcription factors such as SOX2, OCT4, NANOG or KLF4. The association between SIM2 and these pioneer factors is supported by the finding that SIM2 can be co-immunoprecipitated with SOX2, OCT4, NANOG or KLF4. Furthermore, the binding of SIM2 marks a particular sub-category of enhancers known as super-enhancers. These regions are characterized by typical DNA modifications and Mediator co-occupancy (MED1 and MED12). Altogether, we provide evidence that SIM2 binds a specific set of enhancer elements thus explaining how SIM2 can regulate its gene network in DS neuronal features. Overall design: RNA-Seq analysis in Sim2 expressing cells (3 replicates A6, B8, C4) and EB3 control cells (3 replicates)
Publication Title
HSA21 Single-Minded 2 (Sim2) Binding Sites Co-Localize with Super-Enhancers and Pioneer Transcription Factors in Pluripotent Mouse ES Cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 10 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Background: Gq-coupled G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) mediate the actions of a variety of messengers that are key regulators of cardiovascular function. Enhanced Gaq-mediated signaling plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and in the transition to heart failure. We have recently described that Gaq acts as an adaptor protein that facilitates PKCz-mediated activation of ERK5 in epithelial cells. Since the ERK5 cascade is known to be involved in cardiac hypertrophy, we have investigated the potential relevance of this pathway in Gq-dependent signaling in cardiac cells.
Publication Title
Protein kinase C (PKC)ζ-mediated Gαq stimulation of ERK5 protein pathway in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- NextSeq 500
Description
Members of the JNK pathway have been found to be mutated in human breast cancer. Mouse studies examining JNK loss in different tissues have demonstrated that the JNK pathway can play a role in cancer. Using and autochthonous mouse model, we found that JNK deficiency on a p53-null background resulted in more rapid tumor onset. To learn more about these tumors we generated cells lines and performed various in vitro assays, as well as RNAseq in hope of finding differentially expressed genes that may explain the differences we observed in vivo. Overall design: Tumors were harvested from mice and cells lines were established from them. RNA was isolated from established tumor cell lines.
Publication Title
The cJUN NH<sub>2</sub>-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway promotes genome stability and prevents tumor initiation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
Mitochondrial biogenesis is regulated by signaling pathways sensitive to extracellular conditions and to the internal environment of the cell. We found that deletion of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) or of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) diminishes the nuclear transcriptional response associated with mtDNA damage. Overall design: Six samples were analyzed to determine message RNA levels.
Publication Title
Deletion of conserved protein phosphatases reverses defects associated with mitochondrial DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples