Puberty unmasks or accelerates nephropathies, including the nephropathy of diabetes mellitus (DM). A number of cellular systems implicated in the kidney disease of DM interweave, forming an interdependent functional web. We performed focused microarray analysis to test the hypothesis that one or more genes in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-) signaling system would be differentially regulated in male rats depending on the age of onset of DM.
Prepubertal onset of diabetes prevents expression of renal cortical connective tissue growth factor.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe objective of this study was to compare recall responses to vaccine antigens at 3 months and 9 months of age in infants who were vaccinated at birth or at 1 month.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination at birth in a high-risk setting: no evidence for neonatal T-cell tolerance.
Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWe used microarrays to provide a transcriptomic signature of different types of cholestasis evoked by 3 different drugs and obstructive surgery
Robustness testing and optimization of an adverse outcome pathway on cholestatic liver injury.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a pivotal process in development and disease. In carcinogenesis, various signaling pathways are known to trigger EMT by inducing the expression of EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs) like SNAIL1, ultimately promoting invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. However, how EMT is executed downstream of EMT-TFs is incompletely understood. Here, using human colorectal cancer (CRC) and mammary cell line models of EMT, we demonstrate that SNAIL1 critically relies on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling for EMT execution. This activity requires the transcription factor SMAD4 common to BMP/TGFβ pathways, but is TGFβ signaling-independent. Further, we define a signature of BMP-dependent genes in the EMT-transcriptome which orchestrate EMT-induced invasiveness, and are found to be regulated in human CRC transcriptomes and during EMT in vivo. Collectively, our findings substantially augment the knowledge of mechanistic routes whereby EMT can be effectuated, which is relevant for the conceptual understanding and therapeutic targeting of EMT processes.
Canonical BMP Signaling Executes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Downstream of SNAIL1.
Specimen part
View SamplesRNA Pol II transcription has been implied to be either regulated by the general transcription factor TFIID or the co-activator SAGA. Also, this dominancy of either SAGA or TFIID might be according to the existance, or not, of a TATA consensus sequence.
Transcription of Nearly All Yeast RNA Polymerase II-Transcribed Genes Is Dependent on Transcription Factor TFIID.
Treatment
View SamplesIn order to gain insight into the effects of aging on susceptibility to environmental toxins, we characterized the expression of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) from the livers of male Brown Norway and F344 rats across the adult lifespan. To examine metabolic processes across lifespan after challenge with a xenobiotic compound, Brown Norway rats were exposed to 1.0 g/kg body weight toluene by oral gavage in corn oil (4ml/kg body weight) or corn oil alone.
Coordinated changes in xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme gene expression in aging male rats.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe SAGA co-activator has been implicated in the regulation of a smal subset of genes in budding yeast in transcriptomic analyses performed in steady-state levels of RNA.
SAGA Is a General Cofactor for RNA Polymerase II Transcription.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Impaired neutrophil function in 24p3 null mice contributes to enhanced susceptibility to bacterial infections.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesLipocalin 24p3 (24p3) is a neutrophil secondary granule protein. 24p3 is also a siderocalin, which binds several bacterial siderophores. It was therefore proposed that synthesis and secretion of 24p3 by stimulated macrophages or release of 24p3 upon neutrophil degranulation sequesters iron-laden siderophores to attenuate bacterial growth. Accordingly, 24p3-deficient mice are susceptible to bacterial pathogens whose siderophores would normally be chelated by 24p3. Specific granule deficiency (SGD) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by complete absence of proteins in secondary granules. Neutrophils from SGD patients, who are prone to bacterial infections, lack normal functions but the potential role of 24p3 in neutrophil dysfunction in SGD is not known. Here we show that neutrophils from 24p3-deficient mice are defective in many neutrophil functions. Specifically, neutrophils in 24p3-deficient mice do not extravasate to sites of infection and are defective for chemotaxis. A transcriptome analysis revealed that genes that control cytoskeletal reorganization are selectively suppressed in 24p3-deficient neutrophils. Additionally, small regulatory RNAs (miRNAs) that control upstream regulators of cytoskeletal proteins are also increased in 24p3-deficient neutrophils. Further, 24p3-deficient neutrophils failed to phagocytose bacteria, which may account for the enhanced sensitivity of 24p3-deficient mice to both intracellular (Listeria monocytogenes) and extracellular (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus) pathogens. Interestingly, Listeria does not secrete siderophores and additionally, the siderophore secreted by Candida is not sequestered by 24p3. Therefore, the heightened sensitivity of 24p3-deficient mice to these pathogens is not due to sequestration of siderophores limiting iron availability, but is a consequence of impaired neutrophil function.
Impaired neutrophil function in 24p3 null mice contributes to enhanced susceptibility to bacterial infections.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe cell of origin of hepatoblastoma in humans and mice (HB) is unknown; it has been hypothesized to be a transformed hepatocyte, an oval cell, or a multipotent hepatic progenitor cell. In mice, the current dogma is that HBs arise within hepatocellular neoplasms as a result of further transformation from a neoplastic hepatocyte. However, there is little evidence in the literature to support a direct relationship between these two cell types. Furthermore, due to differences in etiology and development of hepatoblastoma between mice and humans, many have questioned the relevance of these tumors in hazard identification and risk assessment. In order to better understand the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma, as well as better determine the molecular similarities between mouse and human hepatoblastoma, global gene expression analysis and targeted Hras and Ctnnb1 mutation analysis were performed using concurrent hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and associated normal adjacent liver (in the context of vehicle control liver) samples from a recent National Toxicology Program chronic bioassay. The data from this study provides a better understanding of the origins of hepatoblastoma in the B6C3F1 mice and the relevance of mouse hepatoblastoma to humans when considering chemical exposures of potential human cancer risk.
Genomic Profiling Reveals Unique Molecular Alterations in Hepatoblastomas and Adjacent Hepatocellular Carcinomas in B6C3F1 Mice.
Specimen part
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