Presbycusis age-related hearing loss is the number one communicative disorder of our aged population. Here we analyzed gene expression for a set of GABA receptors in the cochlea of aging CBA mice using the Affymetrix GeneChip MOE430A. Functional phenotypic hearing measures distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) amplitudes (four age groups) were made. The gene expression changes from RMA normalized microarray data (40 replicates) were first subjected to one-way ANOVA, and then linear regression was performed. In addition, the log signal ratio was converted to fold change, and selected gene expression changes were confirmed by relative real-time PCR. Major findings: expression of GABA-A receptor subunit 6was upregulated with age and hearing loss, whereas subunit 1 was repressed. In addition, GABA-A receptor associated protein like-1 and GABA-A receptor associated protein like-2 were strongly downregulated with age and hearing impairment. Lastly, gene expression measures were correlated with pathway/network relationships relevant to the inner ear using Pathway Architect, to identify key pathways consistent with the gene expression changes observed.
Novel approach to select genes from RMA normalized microarray data using functional hearing tests in aging mice.
Sex
View SamplesThis study analyzes gene expression in beta-thalassemic fetal liver erythroblasts in the Th3 murine model. FACS-purified wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous stage-matched erythroblasts from E14.5 fetal livers are compared.
Integrated protein quality-control pathways regulate free α-globin in murine β-thalassemia.
Specimen part
View SamplesMouse inbred strains differ in many aspects of their phenotypes, and it is known that gene expression does so too. This gives us an opportunity to isolate the genetic aspect of variation in expression and compare it to other phenotypic variables. We have investigated these issues using an eight-strain expression profile comparison with four replicates per strain on Affymetrix MGU74av2 GeneChips focusing on one well-defined brain tissue (the hippocampus). We identified substantial strain-specific variation in hippocampal gene expression, with more than two hundred genes showing strain differences by a very conservative criterion. Many such genetically driven differences in gene expression are likely to result in functional differences including differences in behaviour. A large panel of inbred strains could be used to identify genes functionally involved in particular phenotypes, similar to genetic correlation. The genetic correlation between expression profiles and function is potentially very powerful, especially given the current large-scale generation of phenotypic data on multiple strains (the Mouse Phenome Project). As an example, the strongest genetic correlation between more than 200 probe sets showing significant differences among our eight inbred strains and a ranking of these strains by aggression phenotype was found for Comt, a gene known to be involved in aggression.
Hippocampal gene expression profiling across eight mouse inbred strains: towards understanding the molecular basis for behaviour.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesEffective immune responses depend upon appropriate T cell differentiation in accord with the nature of an infectious agent, and the contingency of differentiation depends minimally on T cell antigen receptor, co-receptor, and cytokine signals. In this reverse genetic study we show that the Map Kinase, Erk2, is nonessential for T cell proliferation in the presence of optimum co-stimulation. Instead, it has opposite polar effects on T-bet and Gata3 expression and hence on Th1 and Th2 differentiation. Alternatively, in the presence of TGFbeta, the Erk pathway suppresses a large program of gene expression effectively limiting the differentiation of Foxp3+ T reg cells. In the latter case, the mechanisms involved include suppression of Gata3 and Foxp3, induction of Tbx21, phosphorylation of Smad2,3, and possibly suppression of Socs2, a positive inducer of Stat5 signaling. Consequently, loss of Erk2 severely impeded Th1 differentiation while enhancing the development of Foxp3+ induced T regulatory cells. Selected profiles of gene expression under multiple conditions of T cell activation illustrate the opposing consequences of Erk pathway signaling.
Polar opposites: Erk direction of CD4 T cell subsets.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesNonsyndromic clefts of the palate and/or lip are common birth defects arising in about 1/700 live births worldwide. They are caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors, can only be corrected surgically and require complex post-operative care that imposes significant burdens on individuals and society. Our understanding of the molecular networks that control palatogenesis has advanced through studies on mouse genetic models of cleft palate. In particular, the transcription factor Pax9 regulates palatogenesis through the Bmp, Fgf and Shh pathways in mice. But there is still much to learn about Pax9's relationship with other signaling pathways in this process. Expression analyses and unbiased gene expression profiling studies offer a molecular explanation for the resolution of palatal defects by showing that Wnt and Eda/Edar-related genes are expressed in normal palatal tissues and that the Wnt and Eda/Edar signaling pathway is downstream of Pax9 in palatogenesis. Overall design: E13.5 mouse embryos palate were micro-dissceted, control and mutant samples were seperated and individually lyzed for the RNA extraction.
Small-molecule Wnt agonists correct cleft palates in <i>Pax9</i> mutant mice <i>in utero</i>.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesNonsyndromic clefts of the palate and/or lip are common birth defects arising in about 1/700 live births worldwide. They are caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors, can only be corrected surgically and require complex post-operative care that imposes significant burdens on individuals and society. Our understanding of the molecular networks that control palatogenesis has advanced through studies on mouse genetic models of cleft palate. In particular, the transcription factor Pax9 regulates palatogenesis through the Bmp, Fgf and Shh pathways in mice. But there is still much to learn about Pax9''s relationship with other signaling pathways in this process. Here we show alterations of Wnt expression and decreased Wnt activity in Pax9-/- palatal shelves are a likely result of Pax9''s ability to directly bind and repress the promoters of Dkk1 and Dkk2, proteins that antagonize Wnt signaling. We exploited this relationship by delivering small-molecule Dkk inhibitors into the tail-veins of pregnant Pax9+/- females from E10.5 to E14.5. Such therapies restored Wnt signaling, promoted cell proliferation, bone formation and fusion of palatal shelves in Pax9-/- embryos. These data uncover a connection between the roles of Pax9 and Wnt genes in palatogenesis and offer a new approach for treating human cleft palates. Overall design: E14 embryos of Pax9-/- and control littermates with or without WAY-262611 treatment, mouse embryos palate were micro-dissected, control and mutant samples were separated and individually lysed for the RNA extraction.
Small-molecule Wnt agonists correct cleft palates in <i>Pax9</i> mutant mice <i>in utero</i>.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesRecently, we identified mesenchymoangioblast (MAB), as a clonal mesodermal precursor for mesenchymal and endothelial cells. Here we show, that MABs have the capacity to produce mesenchymal progenitors, which can be differentiated into pericytes or smooth muscles cells under the influence of PDGF-BB or TGFß plus sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), respectively. Based on these studies we established the hierarchy of vasculogenic progenitors that provides the platform for interrogation of molecular mechanisms regulating vasculogenic cell specification and diversification from primitive posterior mesoderm. Overall design: Vasculogenic cells generated under specific culture conditions. Primary cells were used as control.
Specification and Diversification of Pericytes and Smooth Muscle Cells from Mesenchymoangioblasts.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesExpression data from LEOPARD Syndrome-iPS clones, BJ-iPS cells and parental Fibroblasts
Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived models of LEOPARD syndrome.
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesTo test whether vitamin D has a functionally important effect upon primary alveolar epithelial type II cells we used gene expression microarray to identify genes that are regulated by 25-dihydroxyvitamin D in adult alveolar type II cells.
Vitamin D deficiency contributes directly to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesRNA-seq transcriptome profiling of human induced pluripotent stem cells to characterize gene expression variation across individuals and within multiple iPSC lines from the same individual Overall design: Donor erythroblast or activated T-cells were reprogrammed with a Sendai viral vector coding for reprogramming factors. IPSC lines were propagated for ~9 passages before RNA sequencing
Analysis of Transcriptional Variability in a Large Human iPSC Library Reveals Genetic and Non-genetic Determinants of Heterogeneity.
Sex, Age, Race, Subject
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