Case story. A patient with massive infiltration of the visceral adipose tissue depot by BAT in a patient with a catecholamine secreting paraganglioma. BAT tissue was identified by protein expression of UCP1 (western blotting and immunostaining)
Chronic adrenergic stimulation induces brown adipose tissue differentiation in visceral adipose tissue.
Specimen part
View SamplesVascular endothelial growth factor is a multifunctional cytokine playing important roles in angiogenesis, tumor progression and metastasis. Alternative splicing results in the production of several different isoforms of VEGF. We have previously generated human breast cancer cells overexpressing VEGF165 or VEGF189 isoforms (referred to as the V165 and V189 clones, respectively) and showed that VEGF189-transfected cells were less tumorigenic. In this study, we used bioluminescence imaging to analyze the metastasis capacity of breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-321) overexpressing VEGF isoforms in nude mice. V165, V189 and control cV clones were transfected with a luciferase plasmid to generate bioluminescent clones (the V165-B, V189-B and cV clones, respectively). These clones were then injected into the left heart ventricle of nude mice.
MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells overexpressing single VEGF isoforms display distinct colonisation characteristics.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe endocytic receptor megalin constitutes the main pathway for clearance of plasma proteins from the glomerular filtrate in the proximal tubules. However, little is know about the mechanisms that control receptor activity. A widely discussed hypothesis states that the intracellular domain (ICD) of megalin, released upon ligand binding, acts as a transcription regulator to suppress receptor expression - a mechanism proposed to safeguard the proximal tubules from protein overload. Here, we have put this hypothesis to the test by generating a mouse model co-expressing the soluble ICD and the full-length receptor. Despite pronounced expression in the proximal tubules, the ICD failed to exert any effects on renal proximal tubular function such as megalin expression, protein retrieval, or renal gene transcription. Thus, our data argue that the ICD does not play a role in regulation of megalin activity in vivo in the proximal tubules.
The soluble intracellular domain of megalin does not affect renal proximal tubular function in vivo.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesIn the present in vitro study, interactions between P. aeruginosa (sessile biofilms as well as planktonic cells) and PMNs were analyzed by means of DNA microarray based transcriptomics. We found that the P. aeruginosa wild type biofilms, in contrast to planktonic cultures and quorum sensing (QS) deficient strains, respond to PMN exposure in a rather aggressive manner. The response does not involve protective mechanisms such as those involved in oxidative stress. Rather it is dominated by QS controlled virulence determinants such as those encoded by pqs, phz, rhlAB, all of which are designed to cripple Eukaryotic cells including PMNs and macrophages. Our comparative analysis supports the view that QS plays a major role in mechanisms by which P. aeruginosa evades host defense systems.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa recognizes and responds aggressively to the presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe ts-p53 E285K protein is a rare p53 mutant with temperature-sensitive (ts) loss of function characteristics. In cancer cells, which express ts-p53 E285K intriniscally, endogenous wild type p53 activity is reconstituted by appropriate cultivation temperature (permissive condition). At non-appropriate cultivation temperature (restrictive condition) this p53 mutant is inactive. The present study took advantage of this mechanism and employed IPH-926 lobular breast cancer cells and BT-474 ductal breast cancer cells, which both harbor endogenous ts-p53 E285K, for the transcriptional profiling of p53-responsive genes. This new approach eliminated the need for genetic modification or cytotoxic stimulation to achive a p53 response in the cells being investigated .
IPH-926 lobular breast cancer cells harbor a p53 mutant with temperature-sensitive functional activity and allow for profiling of p53-responsive genes.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesHuman solid tumors contain rare cancer side population (SP) cells, which expel the fluorescencent dye H33342 and display cancer stem cell characteristics. Transcriptional profiling of cancer SP cells isolated by H33342 fluorescence analysis is a newly emerging approach to discover cancer stem cell markers and aberrant differentiation pathways. Using Affymetrix expression microarrays this study investigated differential gene expression between SP and non-SP (NSP) cells isolated from the CAL-51 human mammary carcinoma cell line.
Down-regulation of the fetal stem cell factor SOX17 by H33342: a mechanism responsible for differential gene expression in breast cancer side population cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesBackground: Maize plants developed typical gray leaf spot disease (GLS) symptoms initiating at the lower leaves and progressing to upper leaves through the season. Leaf material was collected at 77 days after planting, at which stage there were a large number of GLS disease necrotic lesions on lower leaves (8% surface area on average determined by digital image analysis), but very few lesions and only at chlorotic stage on leaves above the ear (average of 0.2% lesion surface area). Method:To collect material that reflected a difference between C.zeina infected B73 leaves and control B73 leaf material, samples were collected from two lower GLS infected leaves (second and third leaf internode below ear) , and two upper leaves with minimal GLS symptoms (second and third internode above ear), respectively. The two lower leaves from each plant were pooled prior to RNA extraction, and the two upper leaves from each plant were pooled prior to RNA extraction. Upper and lower leaf samples from three maize B73 plants were subjected to RNA sequencing individually. The three maize plants were selected randomly as one plant per row from three rows of ten B73 plants each. Result: A systems genetics strategy revealed regions on the maize genome underlying co-expression of genes in susceptible and resistance responses, including a set of 100 genes common to the susceptible response of sub-tropical and temperate maize. Overall design: To collect material that reflected a difference between C.zeina infected B73 leaves and control B73 leaf material, samples were collected from two lower GLS infected leaves (second and third leaf internode below ear) , and two upper leaves with minimal GLS symptoms (second and third internode above ear), respectively. The two lower leaves from each plant were pooled prior to RNA extraction, and the two upper leaves from each plant were pooled prior to RNA extraction. Upper and lower leaf samples from three maize B73 plants were subjected to RNA sequencing individually. The three maize plants were selected randomly as one plant per row from three rows of ten B73 plants each.
Systems genetics reveals a transcriptional network associated with susceptibility in the maize-grey leaf spot pathosystem.
Subject
View SamplesTo investigate the transcriptional remodelling during EMT, we treated normal murine mammary gland epithelial cells with TGFbeta for 0, 2h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 96h, 168h and 240h. Using WGCNA and pathway enrichment analysis we identified multiple gene expression modules that were enriched in general, signaling, metabolic or stuctural pathways highly relevant for EMT. Overall design: RNA sequencing of NMuMG/E9 cells induced to undergo EMT by treatment with TGFbeta from 0-10 days.
PyMT-1099, a versatile murine cell model for EMT in breast cancer.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWe have identified the transcription factor forkhead box protein F2 (Foxf2) to be upregulated in its expression during the EMT process and studied its functional contribution to EMT by siRNA-mediated knockdown in NMuMG cells treated for 4 days with TGFbeta followed by mRNA-sequencing. Our analysis revealed a dual role of Foxf2 during TGFbeta-induced EMT in promoting apoptosis while inducing cell junction breakdown and migration. Overall design: mRNA sequencing of NMuMG/E9 cells transfected with control siRNA or Foxf2 specific siRNA and treated with TGFbeta for 4 days
Foxf2 plays a dual role during transforming growth factor beta-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition by promoting apoptosis yet enabling cell junction dissolution and migration.
Subject
View SamplesCardiac disease accounts for the largest proportion of adult mortality and morbidity in the industrialized world. However, progress toward improved clinical treatments is hampered by an incomplete understanding of the genetic programs controlling early cardiogenesis. To better understand this process, we set out to identify genes whose expression is enriched within early cardiac fated populations, obtaining the transcriptional signatures of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) differentiating along a cardiac path.
Efficient array-based identification of novel cardiac genes through differentiation of mouse ESCs.
No sample metadata fields
View Samples