The discovery of genetic variants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster associated with heavy smoking and higher relapse risk has led to the identification of the midbrain habenula- interpeduncular axis as a critical relay circuit in the control of nicotine addiction
Reexposure to nicotine during withdrawal increases the pacemaking activity of cholinergic habenular neurons.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesAmputation of heart tissue followed by regeneration of the heart. Samples were taken at 0 hpa (hours post-amputation), 6 hpa, 12 hpa, 24 hpa, 3 dpa and 5 dpa.
Simplet controls cell proliferation and gene transcription during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesC. elegans transcriptome component of "Genome and transcriptome of the zoonotic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum"
The genome and transcriptome of the zoonotic hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum identify infection-specific gene families.
Cell line
View SamplesWe investigate the biological effects of radiation using Drosophila Melanogaster as a model organism, focusing on gene expression and lifespan analysis to determine the effect of different radiation doses. Our results support a threshold effect in response to radiation: no effect on lifespan and no permanent effect on gene expression is seen at doses below 10,000 Roentgens. Overall design: Adult male Drosophila were irradiated 2 days after eclosion, with one of 6 radiation doses: 10; 1,000; 5,000; 10,000; 20,000 Roentgens. Samples were taken at 3 time points (2, 10 and 20 days post-irradiation).
Drosophila melanogaster show a threshold effect in response to radiation.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesRNA-Seq analysis of atypical chronic myeloid leukemia samples Overall design: We sequenced leukemic mRNA from 13 Atypical Cronic Mieloid Leukemia (aCML) samples by Illumina GAIIx. Transcriptomic profiles, differentially expressed genes and pathway enrichment analysis were obtained comparing 7 SETBP1-mutated samples and 6 non-mutated (WT) samples by using TopHat aligner and SAMMate gene expression quantifier. We focused on the gene expression profile of known coding transcripts. A dataset of 20,907 protein-coding Ensembl Genes was obtained from the RNA-Seq by using the Human Ensembl GTF annotation file vs54 dowloaded from ftp://ftp.ensembl.org/pub/release-54/gtf/homo_sapiens/.
Recurrent SETBP1 mutations in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia.
Subject
View SamplesExpression data from four different lifespan-extending conditions: dietary restriction in two different genetic backgrounds (canton-s and a yw, w1118 combination), sir2 overexpression and p53 knockdown (+/-).
Comparative transcriptional profiling identifies takeout as a gene that regulates life span.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesUnderstanding genome and gene function in a whole organism requires us to fully comprehend the life cycle and the physiology of the organism in question. Caenorhabditis elegans XX animals are hermaphrodites that exhaust their sperm after 3 d of egg-laying. Even though C. elegans can live for many days after cessation of egg-laying, the molecular physiology of this state has not been as intensely studied as other parts of the life cycle, despite documented changes in behavior and metabolism. To study the effects of sperm depletion and aging of C. elegans during the first 6 d of adulthood, we measured the transcriptomes of first-day adult hermaphrodites and sixth-day sperm-depleted adults, and, at the same time points, mutant fog-2(lf) worms that have a feminized germline phenotype. We found that we could separate the effects of biological aging from sperm depletion. For a large subset of genes, young adult fog-2(lf) animals had the same gene expression changes as sperm-depleted sixth-day wild-type hermaphrodites, and these genes did not change expression when fog-2(lf) females reached the sixth day of adulthood. Taken together, this indicates that changing sperm status causes a change in the internal state of the worm, which we call the female-like state. Our data provide a high-quality picture of the changes that happen in global gene expression throughout the period of early aging in the worm. Overall design: 4 conditions; 3 samples per condition. Young adults are 1d old adults without visible eggs. Aged adults are 6th day adults, post-egg-laying. The fog-2 mutant strain used was JK574
The <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Female-Like State: Decoupling the Transcriptomic Effects of Aging and Sperm Status.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesIn the present study, the transcriptional analysis of CD biopsies reveals profound alterations in the ileum transportome profile. More than 60 SLC transporters showed different expression pattern compared with the healthy donors, being mostly decreased. Changes were confirmed in almost all the eighteen altered SLCs analyzed by RT-PCR. The results obtained display alterations in amino acid transporters, purinome members, Zn transporters and metallothioneins. All together, these alterations which mainly involve transporters localized at the apical membrane of the enterocyte anticipate impaired amino acid uptake and purinergic responses. Remarkably, incubation of explants with specific commensal bacteria restored almost all CD transportome alterations.
Transportome Profiling Identifies Profound Alterations in Crohn's Disease Partially Restored by Commensal Bacteria.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesBackground: In the last decade, much attention has been drawn to probiotic bacteria in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), since the potential of certain strains to attenuate inflammation was demonstrated in several animal experiments and clinical studies. Data in humans elucidating the molecular mechanism of probiotic action are still scarce. To this end, we used an organ culture system of human colon mucosa and investigated the gene expression profiles after treatment with different probiotic bacteria in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin (IO)) stimulated samples using whole genome microarrays. Moreover, we analyzed changes occurring in the intestinal explants cultured for 8 hours when compared to fresh, directly frozen mucosa, in order to infer the suitability of the system to study an inflammatory stimulus and likely antiinflammatory responses. Results: Culturing intestinal colon fragments during 8 hours elicited differential gene expression in 283 genes, 229 upregulated and 54 downregulated. Upregulated genes were predominantly related to apoptosis, whereas downregulated genes encoded mitochondrial proteins. No specific enrichment of genes related to inflammation or immune response could be detected, confirming the suitability of the system to further study the inmunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory properties of Lactobacillus casei BL23 (BL23), L.plantarum 299v (LP299v) and L.plantarum 299v (A-) (LP299v (A-)), a mutant strain with reduced adhesive properties to enterocytes. Intestinal explants were stimulated with PMA/IO for 3 hours and subsequently incubated with probiotic bacteria for 4 h. ANOVA analysis (p 0,01) revealed 205 differentially expressed genes between Control, PMA/IO (Inflamed), and the 3 bacterial treatments. Most importantly, a number of PMA/IO induced genes related to immune response and immune system process such as IL-2, IFN-, IL17A and pro-inflammatory cytokines CXCL9 and CXCL11 were downregulated by BL23, LP299v and LP299v (A-). The behaviour of the three Lactobacillus strains was quite similar, although their presence induced differential expression of a small number of genes in a strain dependent manner. Conclusion: The human colon organ culture was found to be a suitable model for the study of inflammatory/anti-inflammatory stimuli, and therefore it constitutes a valuable tool to determine the inmunomodulatory effect of probiotic bacteria. The global transcriptional profile evoked by strains BL23, LP299v and LP299v (A-) in artificially inflamed tissue indicated a clear homeostasis restoring effect, including a decrease of the signals produced by activated T cells.
Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus plantarum strains downregulate proinflammatory genes in an ex vivo system of cultured human colonic mucosa.
Specimen part
View SamplesFeeding resveratrol to Drosophila melanogaster extends lifespan. Studies of microarray show similarities between calorie/dietary restriction and resveratrol on both a gene expression and biological pathway level.
Comparative transcriptional pathway bioinformatic analysis of dietary restriction, Sir2, p53 and resveratrol life span extension in Drosophila.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples